In the spring of 2023, the two national conferences will be held soon, and the world’s eyes will focus on China — —
At this moment, the pace of China’s economic stabilization and recovery is accelerating. All localities and departments are working hard, and people’s confidence in economic development is more firm.
This confidence stems from the blueprint, and the convening of the party’s 20 th National Congress of Victory blew the horn of the times for a new journey of endeavor;
This confidence comes from the mainstay. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country are United and forge ahead, and China’s economic ship is sailing forward through the wind and waves.
On the eve of the National People’s Congress and the National People’s Congress, Xinhua News Agency interviewed the deputies to the new National People’s Congress and Committee member Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, and felt the confidence of China’s economic development from ten dimensions.
Super-large-scale market: great potential
With the arrival of the last batch of Chilean cherries "charter boat" this year, Dalian Port’s direct flight to South America "Cherry Express" recently closed, and the cumulative import volume increased by 1.5 times year-on-year.
In Chile, 20,000 kilometers away, the planting area of cherries has increased by about four times since 2011, and 90% of the output has been exported to China. In order to sell more cherries to China, some people began to plant them near Patagonia Plateau, while others sought opportunities in the northern desert.
Small cherries are a microcosm of China’s big market affecting the domestic and international double cycle.
With a population of over 1.4 billion and a middle-income group of over 400 million, by 2030, the cumulative import volume of commodities is expected to exceed 22 trillion US dollars, and China is undoubtedly the largest market with the greatest potential in the world. The middle-income group will exceed 800 million in the next 15 years, which will promote the continuous development of the ultra-large-scale market.
In 2022, under the severe impact of the epidemic, China remained the second largest consumer market and the largest online retail market in the world with the total retail sales of social consumer goods of 44 trillion yuan, and became the second largest import market in the world for the 14th consecutive year.
"Every 1% increase in household consumption can drive GDP growth by about 0.5 percentage points." Deputy Huang Maoxing, vice president of Fujian Academy of Social Sciences, prepared relevant suggestions, proposing to expand domestic demand from accelerating consumption upgrading and cultivating new growth poles of regional consumption.
"Promoting economic recovery and sustained and healthy development mainly depends on consumption, so that consumption can be restored as soon as possible to become the main driving force for economic growth." Deputy Xu Hongcai, Vice Minister of Finance, said that China will enhance consumer confidence and release consumption potential from three aspects: increasing residents’ income through multiple channels, increasing the supply of marketable goods, and promoting smooth sales channels and logistics.
At the end of 2022, the Outline of the Strategic Plan for Expanding Domestic Demand (2022-2035) issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council was released, which defined the medium-and long-term goals, accelerated the cultivation of a complete domestic demand system, promoted the formation of a strong domestic market, and supported the smooth domestic economic cycle.
Member Bai Zhongen, Dean of Tsinghua University Institute of Economics and Management, said that a strong domestic market is an important support for China’s economic growth potential. Growing investment and consumer demand provide fertile ground for innovation and promote industrial upgrading.
Made in a big country: lay a solid foundation for high-quality development
The international market share of China shipbuilding industry remains the first in the world!
In 2022, China’s shipbuilding completion, new orders received and hand-held orders accounted for 47.3%, 55.2% and 49% of the global total, respectively. Among them, 12 new orders for ship types rank first in the world.
The real economy is an important pillar of the country’s prosperity. The deeper the foundation, the more solid the pace of development.
China is the only country in the world with all the industrial categories in the United Nations industrial classification, and the output of more than 220 industrial products ranks first in the world. In 2022, the total industrial added value exceeded 40 trillion yuan, accounting for 33.2% of GDP.
Deputy Zhang Li, president of China Electronic Information Industry Development Research Institute, said that China has basically formed a manufacturing system with large scale, complete system and strong competitiveness, which has forged hard strength for China’s economy to cope with risk challenges.
At present, the global industrial structure and layout are deeply adjusted to create a complete and resilient industrial chain supply chain. China regards the construction of a modern industrial system as the most critical "winner".
At the beginning of the new year, the export of new energy vehicles maintained a strong momentum. "Relying on the support of the complete supply chain industry chain, China’s new energy vehicles continue to seize opportunities and become a new advantage in China’s economic competition under economic pressure." Committee member Zhang Xinghai, Chairman of Sailisi Group, said.
Focus on cultivating and expanding emerging industries, and constantly enrich and expand new application scenarios in key areas such as artificial intelligence and intelligent networked vehicles; In order to upgrade traditional industries, vigorously promote technological transformation and equipment renewal; Focus on strengthening advantageous industries and consolidate and enhance the advantages of the whole industrial chain … … Power conversion is taking a solid step.
In 2022, China’s integrated circuit industry sales exceeded one trillion yuan, with a compound growth rate of 19% in the past decade.
Deputy Jiang Bin, chairman of Goer Co., Ltd. said that the industrial base is the foundation for the development of manufacturing industry. At present, it is necessary to give full play to the advantages of new national system and super-large-scale market, effectively solve the technical problem of "sticking neck" and continuously improve the core competitiveness of manufacturing industry.
After decades of hard work in the field of medical devices, Zhang Haijun, the chairman of Shandong Baiduoan Medical Devices Co., Ltd., knows the importance of core technologies: "We are speeding up the intervention in key technologies such as medicine, and only by taking the road of specialization and innovation can we become high-end devices ‘ Made in China ’ Contribute. "
Great Power Project: Tamping the Chassis of Modernization
The progress bar of engineering construction in big countries is constantly refreshed — —
The first starting project of the follow-up project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project — — The project of diverting water from the Yangtze River to fill the Han River officially entered the construction stage of the main tunnel;
The East-West Computing Project has been fully launched for one year, and the pattern of a national computing power network and a game of chess coordinated by East and West has been accelerated … …
A modern country must have a modern infrastructure system.
On April 26th, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the 11th meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Committee, studied the issue of comprehensively strengthening infrastructure construction, and proposed to build a modern infrastructure system to lay a solid foundation for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.
"From the perspective of per capita infrastructure capital stock, China is only 20% to 30% of developed countries, and the demand for infrastructure construction is still very large." Zhao Chenxi, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said.
Infrastructure construction has obvious "multiplier effect", and an infrastructure investment can bring several times the total social demand and national income.
Looking back on the extraordinary ten years, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was completed and opened to traffic, the Baihetan Hydropower Station was put into operation in an all-round way, and the world’s largest network of charging facilities was built. The expressway mileage is 177,000 kilometers, the high-speed rail mileage is 42,000 kilometers, the world’s top ten super ports have seven seats, and there are 254 civil certification airports. The world’s largest optical fiber network has been built, and more than 2.3 million 5G base stations have been built and opened … … A number of major infrastructure facilities have been built, becoming pioneers in modernization.
Member Huang Qunhui, director of the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that new infrastructure is the infrastructure supporting new industrialization, new urbanization and modern economic system. Promoting the construction of new infrastructure is conducive to supporting economic growth, promoting economic upgrading and improving the quality and level of economic cycle.
During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China will accelerate the large-scale deployment of 5G networks, and the user penetration rate will increase to 56%; Build a modern comprehensive transportation system and add more than 30 civil transportation airports; Promote the energy revolution, and the proportion of non-fossil energy in total energy consumption will increase to about 20%; Implement flood control and upgrading projects, strengthen the protection and restoration of water conservation areas, and promote the construction of the follow-up project of the East Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project … …
"Accelerate the construction of a modern infrastructure system and lay a solid foundation for the sustained and healthy economic and social development of China." Member Wang Tongzhou, Chairman of China Communications Group, said.
Hundreds of millions of market players: gathering and developing powerful kinetic energy
After returning to the expansion range in January, the manufacturing purchasing managers index continued to rise in February; In January, the new credit was 4.9 trillion yuan, a record high in a single month; The development index of small and medium-sized enterprises has stopped falling and rebounded … …
Since the beginning of the year, with the epidemic prevention and control entering a new stage, market confidence has accelerated and the vitality of various market players has been gradually released.
"The market is picking up. We must speed up the integration and optimization of the local agricultural product industry chain and bring more and better agricultural products to the market." Deputy Huang Xiufen, Chairman of Guangdong Yabei Agricultural Products Co., Ltd. said.
Statistics from the General Administration of Market Supervision show that as of January 2023, there were 170 million market players in China, including 114 million registered individual industrial and commercial households nationwide, accounting for about two-thirds of the total market players and driving nearly 300 million people to obtain employment.
China is continuing to optimize the business environment, increase relief efforts, and help small and medium-sized enterprises to grow steadily, adjust their structure and strengthen their capabilities; Build a high-level socialist market economic system, improve the basic systems of market economy such as property rights protection, market access, fair competition and social credit, and earnestly implement the "two unshakable" … …
Zhang Junkuo, former deputy director of the State Council Development Research Center, said that the business environment should be continuously optimized so that various market players can not only seize opportunities, but also turn crises into opportunities and achieve better development.
The key to promoting the overall economic operation is to strengthen innovation.
According to the preliminary calculation of the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2022, the investment in R&D in China broke the 3 trillion yuan mark for the first time. Enterprise R&D investment accounts for more than 75% of the total social R&D investment. By the end of 2022, there were 355,000 domestic enterprises with valid invention patents, and 2.324 million were valid invention patents, a year-on-year increase of 21.8%.
"Change and innovation, every wall is a door." After nearly 40 years of entrepreneurship, we have developed a small family workshop-style factory into an international company with revenue exceeding 100 billion yuan. Member Nan Cunhui, chairman of Zhengtai Group, was deeply touched. "As a private entrepreneur, we should carry forward the entrepreneurial spirit, constantly enhance the sense of responsibility and mission of entrepreneurship, innovation and creation, and strive hard to build a new development pattern in the new era."
From "Demographic Dividend" to "Talent Dividend": Providing Key Support for Modernization
Before going to Beijing to attend the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, Yang Denghui, a deputy to the National People’s Congress after 1995 and a teacher of Guangdong College of Mechanical Technicians, was still taking the time to coach the students: "The key to modernization lies in people. In addition to scientific research talents, it also needs a large number of highly skilled talents to support it, and it is necessary to increase investment in technical education and personnel training. "
"The labor force factor is the key factor that determines the long-term trend of the economy. It refers to the number of people who have labor skills and can participate in social and economic activities. Its potential depends on health and education. These two conditions are available in China." Li Daokui, a professor at Tsinghua University, thinks.
From the perspective of talent scale — — China has a working-age population of 880 million, exceeding the total working-age population of all developed countries in the world; With a total of 220 million people, it is the largest and most complete talent resource country in the world, and the total number of R&D personnel ranks first in the world.
From the perspective of talent quality — — The average age of China’s population is 38.8 years old, the population receiving higher education reaches 240 million, and the average years of education of the newly added labor force reaches 13.8 years. Every year, hundreds of millions of employees receive diversified training, and the quality structure of the labor force has undergone major changes.
From the perspective of talent efficiency — — China ranks first in the world in the number of SCI papers published and the effective amount of invention patents. The number of highly cited papers continues to climb to the second place in the world.
"The contribution of a scientific and technological innovation talent to economic and social development is more than four times that of the general labor force on average. Talent competition has become one of the core elements of comprehensive national strength competition. " Sun Rui, a researcher at China Institute of Personnel Science, said.
China is in a critical period from "Made in China" to "Created in China", from relying on a large number of low-cost labor inputs to technical factors to promote economic growth.
"Improve the quality of personnel training in an all-round way and strive to bring up top-notch innovative talents, ‘ Demographic dividend ’ Will be upgraded to ‘ Talent bonus ’ It will provide lasting impetus for China’s economy to maintain medium and high-speed growth and achieve high-quality development. " Sun Rui said.
Self-reliance and Self-improvement in Science and Technology: Seeking a New Competitive Advantage for Powerful Countries
In the past three years, China CNOOC Hainan Branch Lingshui — Representatives of Lei Yafei, a senior engineer of Yacheng Operation Company, are all accompanying the "Deep Sea No.1" gas field. "In the process of construction, we will concentrate on tackling key problems, initially build a complete set of deep-water gas field operation and maintenance system, and propose three world-class innovations and 13 domestic pioneering technologies." Deputy Lei Yafei said.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has adhered to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of modernization, driven development by innovation, and comprehensively shaped new development advantages.
In 2022, China’s ranking in the global innovation index rose to the 11th place, which has been steadily improving for ten consecutive years; 21 regions have entered the top 100 global science and technology clusters.
Bloomberg commented that China has been focusing on achieving higher quality growth through technological innovation and industrial upgrading in recent ten years, and these high-tech fields are creating more and higher value for China’s economy.
According to the Party’s deployment in Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the ability of self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology will be significantly improved in the next five years. By 2035, we will achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and enter the forefront of innovative countries.
To win the first opportunity and advantage, we must seize the powerful engine of innovation.
On February 21st, when General Secretary of the Supreme Leader held the third collective study on strengthening basic research in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, he stressed that party committees and governments at all levels should put strengthening basic research on the important agenda of scientific and technological work, strengthen overall coordination, increase policy support, and promote the high-quality development of basic research.
The data shows that in 2022, the proportion of basic research funds to R&D funds in China is 6.32%, which has been stable above 6% for four consecutive years.
The construction of national laboratories and the reorganization of national key laboratories were accelerated, and the construction of basic discipline research center was started … … Provide inexhaustible kinetic energy for consolidating the foundation of self-reliance and self-improvement of science and technology.
At this year’s National People’s Congress, Sun Dongming, a researcher at the Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is going to put forward a proposal on opening up the "last mile" of the industrial chain of scientific and technological innovation: "Accelerate the process of localization and self-control of key core technologies and realize the integrated development of innovation chain, industrial chain and market chain."
Coordinated development of urban and rural areas: broadening new development space
In 2022, under the complicated and severe domestic and international situation, China’s economy pushed forward, and the high-quality development of regional economy played a key role.
The economic aggregate of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei has exceeded 10 trillion yuan, the economic aggregate of nine cities in mainland Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has exceeded 10 trillion yuan, and the economic aggregate of three provinces and one city in the Yangtze River Delta has exceeded 29 trillion yuan — — The economic aggregate of the three major urban agglomerations accounts for more than 40% of the national total, and it has become a veritable economic ballast stone, a high-quality development power source and a reform experimental field.
The vast urban and rural areas provide huge development space and room for maneuver for China’s economic development. In 2022, affected by unexpected factors such as epidemic situation, China’s economy grew by 3% year-on-year. Among the 10 provinces with GDP growth rate above 4%, the western provinces have 6 seats and the central provinces have 3 seats. While the eastern provinces have been slowed down by the impact of external demand, the central and western regions have played a key role in stabilizing and ensuring the chain and ensuring the security of food and energy supply.
Deputy Cai Jiming, director of Tsinghua University Political Economy Research Center, said that to solve the problem of insufficient development imbalance, an important aspect is to promote regional coordinated development and urban-rural integration development, and promote the free flow of resource elements between urban and rural areas and between regions, which will release huge potential and space for China’s economic development.
The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the regional integration development of the Yangtze River Delta, the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin … … Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has planned new ideas for regional coordinated development, opened up deep space for high-quality development with major regional strategies, promoted new urbanization with people as the core, comprehensively promoted rural revitalization and coordinated urban and rural development, and provided powerful impetus for China’s economy.
From 2012 to 2022, the urbanization rate of permanent residents in China increased from 53.1% to 65.22%, and the per capita disposable income ratio of urban and rural residents decreased from 2.88∶1 to 2.45∶1. The per capita disposable income ratio of residents in the eastern, northeastern, central and western regions decreased from 1.7, 1.29 and 1.1 in 2013 to 1.63, 1.11 and 1.07 in 2021 respectively.
Zhang Yan, director of the Fourth Research Department of the Supreme Leader’s Economic Thought Research Center, said that under the national "one chess game" layout, promoting different regions and regions to take the road of differentiated and high-quality development will provide a broad space for the construction of a new development pattern and a regional dynamic support with multi-gradient growth, diversified development and strong toughness.
Green water and green mountains: opening up a new realm of sustainable development
Incorporate the construction of ecological civilization into the overall layout of "Five in One", write "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" into the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and party constitution, and protect the ecological environment with the strictest system and the strictest rule of law … … Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the construction of beautiful China has been pushed forward continuously.
In the past 10 years, China has supported an average economic growth of 6.6% with an average annual growth rate of 3% in energy consumption, making it one of the countries with the fastest reduction in energy consumption intensity in the world. China has exceeded the target of reducing carbon emission intensity by 40% to 45% by 2020, and reduced carbon dioxide emissions by 5.8 billion tons, building the largest carbon market and clean power generation system in the world.
Strive to achieve peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, which is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee based on the situation and the national conditions, and a solemn commitment of China.
"Implement ‘ Double carbon ’ The goal and pressure challenge are enormous, but it will also promote the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. " Deputy Hong Hupeng, Mayor of Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, said.
This is a revolutionary change in the mode of production.
In 2023, it is planned to invest 150 billion yuan, up 31.2% year-on-year, and the investment in new energy infrastructure accounts for 71% of the investment plan & hellip; … Talking about the company’s green development goal this year, Chairman Kong Ngai of china huadian is full of confidence: "Green investment will provide a strong impetus for high-quality development."
This is an all-round upgrade of lifestyle.
All-round conservation and recycling, the ancient wisdom of "harmony between man and nature" has given new vitality, and new science and technology, new lifestyles and new values have set off a new green upsurge. Hundreds of millions of people are beneficiaries of green development and builders of ecological civilization.
Constructing a new development pattern: grasping the initiative of development
On January 31, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized in the second collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee that accelerating the construction of a new development pattern is a strategic decision based on achieving the goal of the second century, overall development and security, and a strategic deployment to grasp the initiative of future development.
Based on oneself and self-reliance, this is the first move to judge the situation and grasp the initiative of development.
On February 10th, the No.5 test plane of domestic large aircraft C919 took off from Shanghai Pudong International Airport with full passengers to Ezhou, Hubei, Taiyuan, Shanxi and other places, and successfully completed the full passenger verification flight.
By the end of 2022, the global order for C919 has reached 1,035. Deputy Zhou Xinmin, vice chairman and general manager of China Commercial Aircraft Co., Ltd. said that the strong domestic market provides strong support for the industrialization, scale and serialization of domestic aircraft. The development and operation of domestic commercial aircraft models such as C919 will promote the upgrading of China aviation manufacturing industry chain as a whole.
Demand pulls supply, and supply creates demand, smoothing the economic cycle and providing support for building a new development pattern.
According to the relevant deployment, China is accelerating the urbanization construction with the county as an important carrier, injecting new impetus into the strong domestic market; Construct a "four horizontal and five vertical, two along and ten corridors" logistics channel, and get through the blood circulation … …
"Better tap the potential of domestic demand, the development potential of domestic industrial chain supply chain and the potential of participating in leading international circulation, improve the ability of independent and controllable economic development, improve the quality and efficiency of domestic circulation, and enhance China’s position in international circulation." Member Wang Changlin, president of China Macroeconomic Research Institute, said.
Opening up to the outside world at a high level is a key measure to shape new advantages in participating in international cooperation and competition.
In the first month of the new year, the actually used foreign capital in China was 127.69 billion yuan, up 14.5% year-on-year.
The construction of Hainan Free Trade Port has been accelerated, the implementation of the free trade pilot zone has been promoted, and all parties have continued to create a market-oriented, rule-of-law and international first-class business environment … …
Attract global resource elements with the domestic big cycle, steadily expand institutional openness such as rules, regulations, management and standards, accelerate the construction of a new open economic system at a higher level, and promote the smooth connection between domestic and international double cycles.
On January 25th, the United Nations predicted that China’s economic growth rate would reach 4.8% against the background that the world economic growth rate would drop to 1.9% in 2023. On January 30th, the International Monetary Fund sharply raised its economic growth forecast for China this year to 5.2%.
"The development of China is very likely to become the most important factor to promote global economic growth in 2023." Georgieva, managing director of the International Monetary Fund, said.
Deepening reform in an all-round way: transforming institutional advantages into governance efficiency
From February 26th to 28th, the Second Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee was held in Beijing. The plenary session deliberated and adopted the Plan for the Reform of Party and State Institutions.
Facing the new situation and new tasks, adjusting and optimizing the institutional setup and functional allocation of the party and the state will continue to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity and create a new situation of development with new achievements in reform.
Reform and opening up is a key measure to determine the future and destiny of contemporary China, a strong driving force to promote the development and progress of China for more than 40 years, and a source of vitality for the high-quality development of China.
After being re-elected as a deputy to the Fourth National People’s Congress and making suggestions for deepening the reform of the registration system for four consecutive years, Fan Yun, the chairman of Shanghai Fushen Evaluation Consulting Group, was deeply touched by the word reform: "The more severe and complicated the situation, the more we must unswervingly deepen the reform and use institutional advantages to deal with risk challenges."
Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward that we should deepen reform and innovation, unswervingly expand opening-up, focus on breaking down deep-seated institutional and institutional obstacles, constantly highlight the institutional advantages of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, constantly enhance the motivation and vitality of socialist modernization, and better transform China’s institutional advantages into the effectiveness of state governance.
To start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century, the fundamental driving force is still to comprehensively deepen reform.
"Constantly break the blocking points and blocking points that block the economic cycle, and constantly boost the development confidence of various market players through reform." Member Decai Yang, director of the Institute of Private Economy of Nanjing University, said.
Only reformers advance, only innovators are strong, and only those who reform and innovate win.
At the beginning of the Year of the Rabbit, Shanghai, Hebei, Zhejiang and other places focused on optimizing the business environment, blocking points and breaking difficulties; Full implementation of the stock issuance registration system will open up a broader space for the development of the capital market … … The reform measures promoted one by one have accumulated new strength for the modernization journey.
On October 23, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out when meeting with Chinese and foreign journalists at the 20th CPC The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC): "After more than 40 years of unremitting efforts in reform and opening up, we have created two miracles: rapid economic development and long-term social stability. Now, China has strong economic resilience, sufficient potential and wide room for manoeuvre, and the long-term positive fundamentals will not change. "
The new journey is an expedition full of glory and dreams. Deeply understand the decisive significance of "two establishments", resolutely implement "two maintenances", base on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, promote high-quality development and solidly promote Chinese modernization, which is an inexhaustible source of China’s confidence.
Text reporters: An Bei, Jiang Lin, Fan Xi, Ruta, Zhang Xinxin.
