In June this year, in order to help businesses run their businesses efficiently, Tik Tok Life Service launched an official data platform."business", provide official authoritative industry data and analysis interpretation, and help businesses find business promotion points and business opportunities from the data. As the saying goes, know yourself and know yourself, and you will win every battle.To run a business, we should not only know the changes in the industry, but also know ourselves thoroughly.On the basis of "knowing well", we will achieve stable and long-term growth.

Recently, Business Economics was upgraded to version 2.0, and the upgraded Business Economics introduced the function of "Look at yourself".Help businesses fully understand their own business data and interpret the current business situation from multiple angles.At the same time, combined with the multiple capabilities of detailed data disassembly, rich industry interpretation and diverse data tools, businesses will more easily understand business trends through data and seize business growth opportunities in time.

Understand yourself: focus on the business data of the business itself and interpret the business situation from multiple angles.

The "Look at Yourself" ability of the 2.0 version of "Business Economics" focuses on the business data of the business itself, covering six business scenarios, including stores, commodities, live broadcast, video, talent acquisition and search, and provides multi-angle data display and analysis to help the business deeply understand its own business situation.

1. Store: comprehensively analyze the store operation data and accurately find the store operation optimization point.

The store data module includes online traffic analysis, offline write-off performance analysis, store list, details of individual stores, etc., which can help merchants quickly understand the comprehensive performance and operating conditions of stores, comprehensively grasp the core data of stores and locate stores with different data performances, help store comprehensive management and improve operating efficiency.

For merchants who want to know the recent performance of the store and judge the business risks,Can passStore-online traffic analysis、Analysis of off-line write-off performanceBased on the data of these two modules, we can discover and judge whether the store’s traffic, customer repurchase and composition are healthy, and adjust the business strategy in time.

•　Function entrance:Business-Store-Online Traffic Analysis

•　Function entrance:Business-Store-Offline Write-off Performance Analysis

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

For businesses that operate multiple stores and want to find out the stores with operational problems in time, they can quickly locate the stores that need to be focused on through the data such as favorable rate and conversion rate on the store-store list module; Merchants can also locate the causes of problems in store operation through the data analysis of the store details page, such as insufficient discount? Or the online drainage effect is not good and so on.

•　Function entrance:Business-Store-Store List

•　Function entrance:Business-Store-Store Data Details

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

Not only the problem stores are found, but also the "excellent management" stores can be located according to the comprehensive performance of the above module data, so as to easily achieve the task of patrolling stores and consolidate the foundation of stable business growth.

2. Commodities: Quickly understand the core performance of commodities and efficiently enhance the business value of commodities.

The commodity data module includes commodity overview, commodity list, item details and other data modules, which helps merchants to deeply understand commodity data and quickly understand the core performance of commodities such as channel performance, audience characteristics and transaction transformation. On the basis of fully understanding the performance of commodity data and the trend changes behind the data,Merchants can accurately tap the potential of explosive goods and efficiently enhance the business value of each product.

•　Function entrance: business-commodity-commodity overview

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

It has become an important business plan for many businesses to create explosive goods on holidays and marketing activities to drive the overall sales growth. The trend of indicators such as flow, transaction and crowd characteristics presented in the commodity data module,Merchants can quickly understand the overall performance of goods, quickly locate excellent/problematic goods, efficiently optimize product mix and product delivery strategy, and enhance sales transformation.

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

3. Live broadcast: real-time monitoring during live broadcast, experience precipitation after live broadcast, and continuous improvement of live broadcast delivery capacity.

Nowadays, with the shift of mass consumption habits to online, it has become the business strategy of many life service businesses to promote business growth through live broadcast and short video. At the same time,In the process of live delivery, the effect of account/partner delivery, how to mark the market in real time, and how to resume the market after live broadcast are also hot spots for merchants.The live data module of Business 2.0 includesLive calendar, live big screen, live details pageThree functions, to solve the above problems, to help businesses see the performance of live data from a global perspective, and to improve the live delivery ability.

3.1 Live Calendar

passLive calendar, merchants can view the situation of all live broadcast rooms in real time, and view the data performance of all live broadcast types such as self-broadcast and live broadcast according to the broadcast time, so as to carry out live broadcast operation planning more efficiently.

•　Function entrance: Business-Live-Live Calendar

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

3.2 Live big screen

The live broadcast big screen is an excellent helper for merchants to watch the live broadcast, helping merchants to control and adjust the live broadcast rhythm in real time and improve the live broadcast effect.

•　Function entrance:In the "Live Calendar", click on a specific live room to enter.

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

3.3 Live details page

The live broadcast details page is a "weapon" for merchants to make a resumption later. In order to ensure the long-term effect of live broadcast with goods, it is an essential business method to make a resumption of each live broadcast. Through the traffic funnel diagnosis on the live broadcast details page, the merchant can more clearly find the problem and the direction and method to solve it; Through the commodity analysis of this module, we can know the details of commodity sales performance in the live broadcast room; Through user analysis, we can gain insight into the effect of getting customers in the live broadcast room.

•　Function entrance:In the "Live Calendar", click on an ended live room to enter.

4. Video: Interpret short video data in an all-round way and precipitate high-quality experience.

The video data module of "Business" version 2.0 aims to help merchants see the business impact and effect brought by short video operation from a global perspective, meet the needs of merchants who want to know the business income brought by video, and what kind of video is more likely to bring transactions and exposure, and help business growth. The video data module includesVideo overview, video list, video details pageThree functions.

4.1 Video Overview

with regard toWant to know the effects of the videos published and promoted by yourself and your partners, and the businesses with the best video performance,You can view the specific video business performance through the video overview.

•　Function entrance:Business-Video-Video Overview

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

4.2 Video Details Page

For businesses who want to know the specific effect of the video and know more detailed data such as its delivery performance, user evaluation and audience characteristics, they can view it through the video details page function.

•　Function entrance:You can click on a specific video through video overview and video list to enter.

4.3 Video List

Video list ruleSupport merchants to view all videos released in the past 90 days., including merchant video, talent video, UGC video (up to 500).

•　Function entrance:Business-Video-Video List

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

5. Talent: In-depth analysis of the effect of cooperation with talent, and timely adjustment of talent cooperation strategy.

Daren data aims to help merchants deeply analyze the effects of live broadcast and short-sighted frequency band goods, understand the communication and transformation capabilities of different talents, and help optimize the cooperation strategy of Daren. Talent data module includesOverview, list and details of cooperation experts.Three functions.

5.1 Overview of Partners

Through the overview of Daren’s cooperation, merchants can see which products are the best for Daren to bring goods, which products are sold higher in live or video channels respectively, and which ones bring more goods.Effectively judge and evaluate the value and strategy of cooperation with talent, and improve the business operation effect.

•　Function entrance:Overview of business-talent-talent cooperation

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

5.2 List of Partners and Details of Partners

When the merchant wants to know the details of the goods brought by the partner, and comprehensively evaluate and adjust the pallet, he can fully understand the situation of the partner on the details page of the partner, including the portraits of the fans, the content and so on.

•　Function entrance:Business-Talent-Partner List

6. Search: Grasp the needs of users and improve the search transaction.

As an action initiated by users, search reflects users’ needs most directly and truly. By understanding the search data, merchants can not only accurately grasp the needs of users, but also reach the target customers efficiently, improve sales conversion and incite business growth by optimizing the operation strategies such as search words and planting grass videos. The search data module of "Business Economics" 2.0 includes two functions: overview of search traffic and analysis after viewing, which helps businesses to fully understand themselves.Search traffic exposure and transaction conversion, accurately adjust the search business scenario strategy, and improve the search transaction rate.

6.1 Overview of search traffic

Through the overview of search traffic, merchants can understand the core data such as the current number of search exposures, the number of search transactions, the amount of search transactions, and the search words that bring the most exposure traffic, and see their overall performance in the search business scene.

•　Function entrance:Business-Search Analysis-Search Traffic Overview

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

6.2 Search analysis after reading

Through the analysis of post-search, merchants can fully understand their own search management effects and adjust their business strategies such as search terms and promotion content in time.

•　Function entrance:Business-Search Analysis-Look and Search Analysis

The contents in the product page are all schematic and do not represent the real values.

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Before this upgrade, the data presentation and interpretation ability of Business Economics Version 1.0 in "Looking at the Industry" helps businesses to understand the industry trends behind the data and seize the business growth opportunities.

Nowadays, the upgraded "Business Economics" has increased the data ability of "looking at yourself", which brings comprehensive data inventory and analysis support to merchants in more detailed business scenarios such as stores, commodities, videos, cooperation experts and search, so that merchants can understand their own business conditions more clearly, know themselves and gain long-term growth!

Disclaimer: The market is risky, so you should be careful when choosing! This article is for reference only, not as a basis for trading.

Article complaint hotline: 156 0057 2229 Complaint email: 29132 36@qq.com.

Focusing on the most concerned and prominent problems of private market players, recently, the General Office of the Provincial Party Committee and the General Office of the Provincial Government issued three documents: Action Plan for Improving the Development Environment of Private Economy in Sichuan Province, Several Measures for Promoting the Development and Growth of Private Enterprises, and Several Measures for Further Promoting the Development of Individual Industrial and Commercial Households, and played a "1+2" policy "combination boxing" to promote the development of private economy, helping the vast number of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households to strengthen their confidence, regain their vitality and increase their vitality.

On July 6th, the Information Office of the provincial government held the second press conference on the theme of "High-quality development of private economy"-"Improving the environment to promote development" to interpret the background, main contents and characteristic highlights of the "1+2" policy to promote the development of private economy.

Why is it introduced?

Starting from the two dimensions of the government and market players, ensure the policy of "precise drip irrigation"

It is of great significance to promote the healthy and high-quality development of the private economy. Private economy holds up half of the province’s economy, contributing more than 50% of GDP, more than 50% of tax revenue, more than 90% of urban employment and more than 90% of enterprises.

However, the insufficient development of private economy is still a prominent shortcoming in our province. Dong Ruojie, chief economist of the Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, said at the meeting that since the beginning of this year, the private economy in our province has achieved recovery growth, but the development of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households still faces some difficulties and problems. In this regard, the provincial party Committee and the provincial government attach great importance to it, and hold special meetings for many times to study, and clearly formulate policies and measures with gold content to effectively help the vast number of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households to solve problems.

"This time, we designed the’ 1+2′ policy system from two dimensions: the government and the market players." Dong Ruojie introduced that "1" is an Action Plan for Improving the Development Environment of Private Economy in Sichuan Province (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan), and "2" is two policy measures to promote the development of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households.

Specifically, each of the three documents has its own emphasis. Dong Ruojie introduced that the Action Plan mainly focuses on giving full play to the role of the government and further improving the quality and efficiency of the government’s services, including five special actions. The two supporting policies mainly focus on stimulating the endogenous motivation of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households, and help them solve problems, increase confidence and seek development through "real money and silver" policy support.

In addition, the "1+2" policy system embodies the characteristics of systematicness, accuracy and innovation. "The Action Plan is formulated separately from the policy of benefiting enterprises and helping enterprises, which enhances the systematicness and coordination of policies." Dong Ruojie introduced that the two supporting policies are classified and implemented to ensure the policy of "precise drip irrigation".

The data shows that by the end of June, there were 8,706,200 market players in our province, including 8,473,900 private market players, accounting for 97.33%. Among the private market players, there are 2,325,300 private enterprises, accounting for 27.44%, and 6,041,500 individual industrial and commercial households, accounting for 71.3%.

"The number of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households is relatively large, and the difficulties, problems and policy needs they face are very different. Therefore, the introduction of policy measures for different subjects can better meet different needs." Dong Ruojie said.

The policy also highlights the problem orientation. Peng Liang, a special researcher at Sichuan Institute of Private Economy and a professor at Sichuan Normal University, noted that the five special actions in the Action Plan are all about the problems that need to be solved urgently to improve the current development environment, which is conducive to breaking the key sticking point that restricts the development environment of private economy.

Does it work?

Aiming at the pain points and difficulties of enterprises, many policies are innovative.

After the release of the policy, many private entrepreneurs and business association leaders noticed that this set of policy "combination boxing" has high gold content.

"The policy responded to the expectations of enterprises and directly hit the pain points and difficulties of enterprise development." Jun Tang, Executive Secretary of Sichuan Chamber of Commerce, gave an example. For example, the Action Plan mentioned the comprehensive implementation of inclusive and prudent supervision and joint law enforcement of "comprehensive inspection once", and specifically mentioned that except for matters that must be inspected, such as safety bottom line supervision, market participants made business commitments, and in principle, they would not be inspected unless they reported complaints. Such a policy just responds to the voice of enterprises, "I hope the government will trust us more."

There are also bright spots in encouraging innovation. The "Several Measures for Promoting the Development and Growth of Private Enterprises" proposes to raise the subsidy standard on the existing basis for private enterprises to take the lead in undertaking major national science and technology projects, incremental investment in research and development, and investment in basic research, and increase support for the first set of products of private enterprises.

"We have visited a large number of small and medium-sized scientific and technological innovation enterprises. Many enterprises have suggested that due to limited R&D capabilities, enterprises cannot undertake major national scientific and technological projects and key R&D plans, but they have undertaken many scientific and technological innovation projects, hoping to include these scientific and technological innovation projects in the scope of support." Jun Tang said that the New Deal clearly stated that "private enterprises undertaking the 2030 project of scientific and technological innovation (subject) will be given inclined support by provincial-level scientific and technological planning projects according to regulations".

In terms of supporting financing, it is proposed to reduce the average guarantee rate of small and micro enterprises and "three rural" entities to below 1%, and promote special credit products such as "tax-electricity index loan".

"Not long ago, the Department of Finance, the Department of Economic and Information Technology and other departments jointly issued a notice, further requiring government financing guarantee institutions to reduce the average rate of new small, micro and’ three rural’ businesses to less than 1% in 2023, and the balance under guarantee at the end of the year will increase by no less than 10% year-on-year." Li Wenli, the second-level inspector of the Department of Economics and Information Technology, said that our province will effectively guide government financing guarantee institutions to focus on small and micro enterprises and the main bodies of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and reduce financing costs.

These innovative policies can not be separated from a large number of research and demonstration work in the early stage. "The’ 1+2′ policy system not only fully draws on the experience and practices outside the province, but also combines the reality of our province and strives to be pragmatic and effective." Dong ruojie said.

How to implement it?

Promote the direct enjoyment of policies and improve the convenience of policy fulfillment.

After the introduction of the policy, how to implement it is a common concern of private market participants.

"The first is to promote the direct enjoyment of policies." Dong Ruojie introduced that relying on the comprehensive service platform of private economy in Sichuan Province and the "Business Link" APP on the mobile phone, information services such as policy interpretation, online declaration, market distribution, laws and regulations, financial support, etc. are provided for individual industrial and commercial households. Users can scan the QR code to browse the policies issued by various departments in provinces, cities and counties, click on "Policy Interpretation" and "Service Guide" to gain a deep understanding of the policy content and reporting procedures, and can provide policy consultation online and enjoy manual or intelligent "reporting".

At the same time, in view of the tax, social security, loans and other issues that private market players are most concerned about in production and operation, our province has formed a simple and easy-to-read "policy understanding card", which makes the policy easy to understand and understand at a glance by means of "making a long story short and seeing a picture clearly".

In promoting the effectiveness of financial policies, our province will focus on five aspects. Huang Quanxiang, deputy governor of Chengdu Branch of the People’s Bank of China, said that the next step will be to give full play to the role of financial support by conducting and publicizing financial policies to help enterprises bail out, promoting the productization of financial policies and the popularization of product cases, deepening the special action of "zero-distance financing for private small and micro enterprises", deepening the special action of financial services for individual industrial and commercial households "lending small businesses to serve people’s livelihood" and doing a good job in monitoring and evaluating policy effects.

In addition, our province will also improve the convenience of policy fulfillment. "This year, we launched 94 convenient tax payment service measures around six aspects: improving the quality of appeal response, speeding up the implementation of policies, upgrading key services, conveniently handling quality improvement, and standardizing law enforcement." Bai Bing, spokesperson and chief economist of Sichuan Provincial Taxation Bureau, introduced that in July this year, our province researched and launched the first list of tax and fee services in the province, including 73 services such as tax declaration, information reporting and international tax business handling. For example, taxpayers in Sichuan Province have to issue tax payment certificates. If they want to go offline from the entity tax service office, they can only go to the tax service office of the competent tax authority before the "different office", but now they can go to any comprehensive tax service office in the province.

"The policies of the private economy involve multiple departments. In the past, various departments were’ compartmentalized’ in policy formulation, which was not conducive to the superposition effect of policies." Peng Liang said that the New Deal proposed to carry out "one-stop" handling of policy redemption by setting up a special window for centralized policy redemption, so as to realize "comprehensive investigation and one-time handling" of the policy of benefiting enterprises; It will greatly reduce the difficulty for private enterprises to honor their policies by implementing the "policy calculator for benefiting enterprises" and realizing free application and quick enjoyment. (Reporter Shi Xiaolu Kou Minfang Lan Zhen)

Articles 18-20 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Provisions on Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (II) (hereinafter referred to as Interpretation II of the Company Law) adopt liquidation responsibility, liquidation responsibility and joint and several liquidation responsibility for the liquidation (non-bankruptcy liquidation only) of companies (only limited liability companies).

This paper only discusses the type of joint and several liability of liquidation obligor stipulated in the second paragraph of Article 18 of Interpretation II of Company Law, which belongs to the category of liquidation liability. A certain consensus has been reached on the subject scope of liquidation obligor, whether the statute of limitations is applicable, the legal basis of liability and the type of liability. The author uses the key words "disputes over the liability of shareholders for damaging the interests of creditors of the company" and "Article 18, paragraph 2 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Provisions on the Application of the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (II)", and searches in No Litigation and China Judgment Document Network, with a total of 948 cases; Then the keyword "limitation of action" was used to search in the above results, with a total of 138 cases; Then the keyword "beyond the limitation of action" was searched in the results, and there were 103 cases. It is found that the focus of disputes involving shareholders’ joint and several liability in practice is mainly whether the creditor claims that shareholders bear joint and several liability exceeds the limitation of action; The core of judging whether the limitation of action is exceeded is to determine the starting point of the limitation of action.

Regrettably, courts at all levels have different opinions on the starting point of determining the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company, and it is not uncommon for courts to pass different judgments on similar cases. The root of this phenomenon is that the starting point of our legislation during the limitation of action is a principled provision, which adopts subjective standards, that is, counting from the day when the right holder knows or should know that the right has been damaged and the obligor lacks uniform applicable rules in practice. This paper aims to provide a solution for China’s Company Law to solve this problem, taking into account the balance of shareholders’ limited liability, independent personality of the company and creditors’ interests, exploring the "general+typology" identification standard of shareholders’ joint and several liability, and exerting the power of typology. In the field of non-performing assets, shareholders of a company often fail to perform or improperly perform liquidation obligations, which seriously damages creditors’ rights and interests to recover creditor’s rights, and frequently leads to disputes over shareholders’ joint and several liability for liquidation when the company cannot be liquidated. It is helpful to study the typology of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability for liquidation of shareholders of a company.

First, empirical research: "different judgments on similar cases" in the case law.

After searching the court cases at all levels, when determining the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company, "different judgments on similar cases" are common and have different reasons. What is more serious is that the same court and the same presiding judge have two completely different judgments on similar cases in a short period of time.

In the first category, some courts hold that the limitation period of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company should be counted from the date of promulgation of Interpretation II of the Company Law, that is, May 19, 2008. The reason is: regarding the tort civil liability caused by the liquidation obligor’s delay in performing his obligations, the Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (II), which came into effect on May 19, 2008, has been clarified, and the company’s creditors can claim the civil liability from the shareholders because of their delay in liquidation obligations. At this time, the applicant, as the company’s creditor, has the right to request the company’s shareholders to bear the corresponding civil liability. Therefore, his right to claim is from 2000.

Secondly, some courts hold that the limitation period of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company should be counted from 15 days after the date of knowing that the company has been revoked. The reason is that the Company Law stipulates that a liquidation group shall be established within 15 days from the date when the company is revoked. If the liquidation group is not established within the time limit, the creditor has the right to apply to the court to appoint a person to set up the liquidation group. The creditor should know that the shareholders are lazy in performing the liquidation obligations, so the limitation period of action should be counted from 15 days after the date when the company is revoked.

Third, some courts hold that if a creditor makes an order to terminate the compulsory liquidation after applying for compulsory liquidation by the court, the creditor should know the fact that the debtor company cannot be liquidated at this time, so the limitation period of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of the company should be counted from the date when the court makes an order to terminate the compulsory liquidation.

Fourth, some courts hold that there is no statute of limitations for creditors to claim joint and several liability to shareholders according to Article 18, paragraph 2 of Interpretation II of the Company Law, when they cannot know the fact that the debtor’s company can’t be liquidated, that is, whether it can be liquidated is uncertain and the right of claim has not been established.

Fifth, some courts hold that the fact that creditors know or should know that the company’s shareholders are slow to perform liquidation obligations, resulting in the loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc., and it is impossible to carry out liquidation should be borne by shareholders. If shareholders cannot prove that creditors know or should know, they should bear the consequences of failing to prove, that is, if shareholders cannot prove, there will be no problem of exceeding the limitation of action.

Sixth, some courts hold that the creditor knows or should know that the company’s rights and interests have been damaged due to shareholders’ laziness in liquidation when the court makes a ruling to terminate execution or terminate this execution ruling or terminate bankruptcy proceedings, and can’t prove that it can’t be liquidated, so the limitation period for creditors to claim their rights is calculated from the time when the court makes a ruling to terminate execution or terminate this execution ruling or terminate bankruptcy proceedings.

Undoubtedly, although there are different arguments and judgments in local courts, most of them emphasize that the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company should start from the fact that creditors know or should know that shareholders of the company are slow to perform liquidation obligations, resulting in the loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc., and the fact that liquidation cannot be carried out should occur before or at the same time as the starting point. The main reason for different judgments lies in the fact that the creditor knows or should know that the shareholders who have happened or happened immediately are lazy in liquidation and unable to liquidate, and some courts will make inaccurate judgments because of different understandings of the "facts" that they know or should know.

After searching, the author found that the court showed the following trends in the trial: First, if the creditor has applied for compulsory liquidation of the debtor company, and the court has made a ruling on the termination of compulsory liquidation for reasons that cannot be liquidated, the court tends to take the time when making a ruling on the termination of compulsory liquidation as the starting point when trying the creditor’s claim for joint and several liability to shareholders; Second, the court pays more attention to the fact that creditors know and should know. Third, in view of the burden of proof of facts that creditors know or should know, the court has adopted the phenomenon of inversion of burden of proof. It should be pointed out that the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company should start from the fact that creditors know or should know that shareholders of the company are slow to perform liquidation obligations, resulting in the loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc., and it is impossible to carry out liquidation. However, judges have greater discretion as to what facts can be determined that creditors know or should know, without clear legal provisions. In order to solve the creditor’s relief dilemma, correct the alienation of judgment, curb the abuse of discretion and safeguard the court’s judgment authority, it is necessary to make efforts to unify the judgment rules, enhance the practicality and explore the types of starting points.

Second, the innovation of judicial ideas: from creditor protectionism to interest balance

The system of limitation of action should carry out purposeful value judgment, and the existence of the system of limitation of action revolves around the conflicts of several value interests. If we want to pursue justice, we should build on the balance of various value goals and balance and coordinate the interests of all parties in order to resolve their ethical conflicts. The litigation system aims to maintain the balance of multiple values such as creditors, debtors and social order.

Specific to the design of the starting point of the limitation of action for the joint and several liability of shareholders of a company, it is not only to protect the interests of creditors, but also to implement the multiple values of balancing the limited liability of shareholders, the independent personality of legal persons, the interests of creditors and social order. The existing principle of starting the limitation period of action adopts the subjective standard of the creditor, which is based on the fact that the creditor knows or should know, and is not affected by the actual occurrence time of the infringing fact. However, when the maximum limitation period of action is 20 years, it is based on the starting time of the infringing fact, which is actually safeguarding the balance of interests of all parties. To implement the multiple values such as balancing the limited liability of shareholders, the independent personality of legal persons, the interests of creditors and social order, we should respect the principle of starting from the limitation period, and also type the starting point to mediate the value conflict. Typing the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company is undoubtedly the response to implementing the purposeful value judgment. In other words, the court should carry out the judgment to balance the limited liability of shareholders, the independent personality of legal persons, the interests of creditors and the social order, and avoid neglecting the interests of one party.

Third, suggestions for improvement: the standard of "general+typology" for determining the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company.

Any construction of the statute of limitations system from the perspective of protecting creditors, debtors or social interests fails to accurately implement the multi-value purpose of the statute of limitations to balance the interests of all parties, and so does the starting point of the statute of limitations for joint and several liability of shareholders of the company. Typing the starting point can effectively solve practical problems. China is a written law country, and court decisions are based on the law, which needs to be determined and embodied by the legislature through amending the Company Law or the relevant judicial interpretation issued by the Supreme People’s Court.

(a) the "general rules" of the starting point of the limitation of action for the joint and several liability of shareholders of the company

China’s General Principles of Civil Law stipulates that the starting point of the limitation period of ordinary litigation is "from the time when you know or should know that your rights have been infringed", and at the same time, it limits the maximum limitation period of 20 years to "from the date when your rights have been infringed". The current "General Principles of Civil Law" has revised the system of limitation of action, and Article 188 stipulates that the starting point of the limitation period of ordinary action is "from the day when the obligee knows or should know that the right has been damaged and the obligor. If there are other provisions in the law, it shall be in accordance with its provisions ",that is, on the basis of the original provisions, the words" know or should know the obligor "and" if there are other provisions in the law, it shall be in accordance with its provisions "are added. Its legislative purpose is to strengthen the protection of creditors and embody the spirit of the principle of being able to exercise; On the other hand, it shows that the law considers the special situation in the real society.

The "general rule" structure of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company is the concrete application result of the starting point of the limitation of action in the General Principles of Civil Law. Combined with Interpretation II of the Company Law and the Supreme People’s Court No.2 People’s Court’s Reply on Asking for Instructions on the Limitation of Action for Creditors’ Claims on Shareholders’ Liability for Liquidation Compensation (2014) Miner Zi No.16, the limitation of action for shareholders’ joint and several liability for liquidation of a company should start from the date when creditors know or should know that shareholders are slow to liquidate, the company’s main property, account books and important documents are lost, and liquidation obligations cannot be carried out. This is the "general rule" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of the company.

(2) "Typed rules" for the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of the company.

Considering that the law stipulates that the liquidation obligations of a limited liability company are all shareholders (including actual controllers), a consensus has been reached in practice. Although some scholars in the academic field believe that the subject scope of liquidation obligor should be defined as the company’s directors and controlling shareholders according to the standard of "having a dominant influence on the company’s management", there is still room for application until it is clearly stipulated by law. Because the shareholders of the company publicize it to the outside world, creditors can inquire at any time, and the time when creditors know or should know should be regarded as the day when the rights are infringed. Therefore, the fact that creditors know or should know the "liquidation obligor" is unique and there is no typology problem. Therefore, this paper only focuses on the typology of three starting points, namely, the creditors know or should know that shareholders are lazy in liquidation, the company’s main property, account books and important documents are lost, and liquidation cannot be carried out. It should be noted that the starting point of the limitation period for shareholders of a company to bear joint and several liabilities for liquidation is not the starting point of any fact that creditors know or should know about "shareholders are lazy in liquidation", "the company’s main property, account books and important documents are lost" and "liquidation obligor cannot be liquidated", but as a whole, creditors know or should know about "shareholders are lazy in liquidation" and "the company’s main property and account books".

1. The creditor knows or should know the "typology rule" of the starting point of "shareholders’ delay in liquidation"

According to Article 181 of the Company Law, there are five reasons for the dissolution of the company, namely: (1) the business term stipulated in the articles of association expires or other reasons for dissolution stipulated in the articles of association appear; (2) The shareholders’ meeting or the shareholders’ meeting decides to dissolve; (3) The company needs to be dissolved due to merger or division; (4) Its business license has been revoked, ordered to close down or revoked according to law; (5) The people’s court shall dissolve it in accordance with the provisions of Article 183 of this Law. Where the company is dissolved in accordance with the provisions of items (1), (2), (4) and (5), a liquidation group shall be established within 15 days from the date of the occurrence of the reasons for dissolution according to Article 184 of the Company Law, and the liquidation obligations shall be fulfilled.

Based on the different reasons for the dissolution of the company, creditors know or should know that the starting point of "shareholders’ delay in liquidation" is different. Generally speaking, it can be classified into the following types: First, if the company is revoked, ordered to close down or cancelled according to law, the liquidation group will not be established for a long time, and creditors know or should know that the starting point of "shareholders’ delay in liquidation" should start from 15 days after the company’s business license is revoked, ordered to close down or cancelled. Because the company’s business license is revoked, ordered to close down or revoked according to law, it should be publicized to the public, and creditors can inquire through public channels, and they cannot plead ignorance. Second, if the company’s business license is revoked, it is ordered to close down or be cancelled according to law, a liquidation group shall be organized within a certain period of time, but there are other behaviors (such as the obligation to properly keep the company’s property, account books and important documents), or it belongs to the first, second and fifth cases. As all the above situations are internal factors, the creditor, as a third party, has no way of knowing. Generally speaking, there is no problem of exceeding the limitation of action. If the creditor has filed a lawsuit in accordance with Article 18, paragraph 2 of Interpretation II of the Company Law and then withdraws the lawsuit, it shall be counted from the date when the court makes a ruling to allow the withdrawal of the lawsuit; If the shareholder has sufficient evidence to prove that the creditor knows that the shareholder has the obligation to be lazy in liquidation, it shall be counted from the date when the creditor actually knows that the shareholder is lazy in liquidation. Some scholars have pointed out that China can build a commercial registration system for company dissolution and liquidation, break the information barrier between shareholders and creditors, and realize information symmetry.For example, Germany, Japan and other countries outside the country stipulate that after the dissolution of a company, it should declare commercial registration to a specific institution within a certain period of time.

2. The creditor knows or should know the "typology rules" of the starting point of "loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc."

The loss of the company’s main property, account books and important documents is also an internal matter of the company, and creditors have no way to know it under normal circumstances, but there are also the following special circumstances. First, there has been a lawsuit dispute between the creditor and the debtor company or the debtor company has entered bankruptcy proceedings. If the court makes a final execution ruling or terminates this execution ruling or bankruptcy proceedings based on the loss of the company’s main property, the creditor knows or should know that the company may have lost its main property, account books, important documents, etc. due to shareholders’ laziness in liquidation, so the limitation period for creditors to claim their rights is counted from the date when the court makes a final execution ruling or terminates this execution ruling or terminates bankruptcy proceedings. Second, if the shareholders have evidence to prove that the creditors have actually known the loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc., if the shareholders have informed the creditors by written letter that they can’t repay their debts due to the loss of the company’s property, the fact that the creditors know or should know that "the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc." is counted from the date of the shareholders’ actual proof.

3. The creditor knows or should know the "typology rule" of the starting point of "unable to liquidate"

In practice, there are six main criteria for the court to determine that a company can’t be liquidated: First, it can’t provide any property, account books and important documents; Second, account books and important documents are untrue and incomplete; Third, the whereabouts of company personnel, account books and important documents are unknown; Fourth, the property is not enough to pay the liquidation expenses; The fifth is the loss of main property; Sixth, it is cancelled without liquidation. The company’s "inability to liquidate" essentially involves accounting and auditing issues. Unless an authoritative department or institution issues a conclusive document on the company’s "inability to liquidate", creditors will not know. Theoretically, there is controversy about the subject of the company’s "inability to liquidate". Some people think that the subject of the company’s "inability to liquidate" should be comprehensively judged by the court in combination with auditing and other relevant units; Some people believe that the determination of the company’s "inability to liquidate" is a professional issue, and the liquidation audit report issued by the audit and accounting shall prevail. At this point, the starting point for creditors to know or should know that "liquidation is impossible" can be classified as follows. First, the creditors or shareholders have applied to the court for compulsory liquidation of the company, and the court has made a ruling to terminate the compulsory liquidation on the grounds that it is impossible to liquidate. Except that the shareholders can prove that the creditors have known that the company has been unable to liquidate due to the loss of the company’s main property, account books and important documents, the creditors know or should know that the starting point of "unable to liquidate" should be counted from the day after the ruling takes effect. Second, creditors or shareholders have not applied to the court for compulsory liquidation of the company, but the liquidation team has hired a professional accounting firm to conduct liquidation audit of the company.If the liquidation audit report issued by an accounting firm concludes that it is impossible to liquidate, and the liquidation team has notified the known creditors in writing and published it in influential newspapers at the national or provincial level according to the size and business area of the company (refer to Article 21 of Interpretation II of the Company Law), it shall be deemed that the creditors know or should know the fact that the company is "unable to liquidate". Third, if the liquidation team has hired a professional accounting firm to conduct liquidation audit on the company, but it has not notified the creditors of the liquidation audit report by referring to the provisions of Article 21 of Interpretation II of the Company Law, or there are no cases in the first and second categories, except that shareholders can prove that the creditors know that the company has been unable to liquidate due to the loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc., the rights of creditors in accordance with Article 18, paragraph 2 of Interpretation II of the Company Law generally do not exist beyond litigation. If the creditor has filed a lawsuit in accordance with Article 18, paragraph 2, of Interpretation II of the Company Law and then withdraws the lawsuit, it shall be counted from the date when the court makes a ruling to allow the withdrawal of the lawsuit.

(3) the applicable relationship between the "general rules" and "typological rules" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of the company.

The standard of "general+typology" is adopted as the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders, in order to reconcile the value conflicts of creditors, shareholders’ priority responsibility and social order. Among them, the "general rules" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company take the creditor’s rights as the standard, aiming at protecting the creditor’s rights and urging shareholders to actively perform liquidation obligations. The "typological rule" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company aims to standardize the judgment rules, avoid the alienation of court judgment, and urge creditors to actively exercise their rights, properly protect shareholders’ limited liability, and maintain social order and investment enthusiasm. The "general rules" and "typological rules" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company are not contradictory. The former has principles, guidance, explanation and supplementary functions, while the latter is the concretization of the former, which legalizes some common typical situations. Of course, typology is not a simple enumeration, but also an abstraction and generalization of a kind of behavior in practice, but its abstraction can be almost ignored compared with general provisions. Therefore, the "general rules" and "typed rules" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company should be integrated to ensure the universality, stability and predictability of the application of legal provisions.

(The author Bing Wang is the executive director of Guangdong Fasheng Law Firm, and Yuan Jianyang is an intern lawyer of Guangdong Fasheng Law Firm.)

　　On the evening of March 7th, the General Office of the State Council issued "Opinions on Further Optimizing Payment Services and Improving Payment Convenience" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"). The Opinions require that according to the payment habits of different groups, efforts should be made to bridge the digital divide, and efforts should be made to improve the multi-level and diversified payment service system, so as to provide better, efficient and convenient payment services for the elderly, foreigners coming to China and other groups.

　　After the "Opinions" were released, UnionPay, Alipay and Tenpay successively issued announcements and issued relevant specific measures.

　　UnionPay: It is planned to invest 3 billion yuan to drive all parties in the industry to optimize payment services.

　　China UnionPay said that it will comprehensively and thoroughly implement the requirements of the Opinions, focus on blocking the pain points and difficulties, and take "Jinxiu Action 2024" as the starting point to promote substantial optimization and improvement of payment services as soon as possible.

　　In view of the difficulties and difficulties in using mobile payment, such as the inconvenience of swiping cards and not receiving payment in China, the elderly and foreigners in China, UnionPay will jointly launch "Splendid Action 2024" with the core of "30+X", where "30" means that UnionPay takes the lead in investing 3 billion yuan, and "X" means to leverage the funds of UnionPay to incite all parties in the industry to jointly invest resources. "Splendid Action 2024" will cover the whole year of 2024 and continue until 2025. The goal is to create a "global, full-scenario, full-solution", covering 26 high-frequency payment scenarios in 8 categories, including "food, housing, transportation, travel, shopping, entertainment, medicine and learning", as well as credit card, code scanning and mobile phone payment.

　　At the same time, under the guidance of the People’s Bank of China, UnionPay will accelerate the interconnection of bar code payment and realize barrier-free acceptance of various payment tools. Accelerate the two-way opening of the network between UnionPay and other bank card organizations, and coordinate with clearing institutions in terms of rules and standards.

　　In addition, UnionPay will focus on strengthening communication with local transportation departments, speeding up the settlement of the problems that the subway and taxi industries do not support the acceptance of non-payment of bank cards, optimizing the design of travel card products, making UnionPay, banks and other payment products universal and easy to use in various scenarios, and constantly improving the payment experience of various groups such as the elderly and foreigners coming to China.

　　Alipay: Solidly promote the optimization of payment services and continuously improve the convenience of payment.

　　Alipay said that it is solidly promoting the implementation of various measures to continuously optimize payment services for the elderly and foreigners coming to China. Among them, the promotion and optimization of the trading limit for foreigners have been completed, with the single trading limit raised from $1,000 to $5,000 and the annual trading limit raised from $10,000 to $50,000. New services such as multilingual translation, overseas wallet ride code "One Code Pass" will be launched one after another.

　　Tenpay: Take measures to improve the convenience of payment for the elderly and foreigners coming to China.

　　Tenpay said that with the support and guidance of the People’s Bank of China and the foreign exchange bureau, Tenpay has implemented a number of measures around "aging and upgrading". Under the direction of the Opinions, Tenpay will continue to improve the payment service experience based on its financial technology capabilities, create a temperature-sensitive payment service environment for the elderly, and further facilitate the work and residence of foreign nationals in China.

　　In terms of facilitating the payment of foreign nationals in China, simplification measures have continued to land. Under the guidance of the People’s Bank of China and the foreign exchange bureau, the single transaction limit and annual transaction limit of WeChat foreign card payment have also been increased, and at the same time, a quota strategy of dynamic management has been formulated, which takes into account the dynamic balance between service improvement and risk prevention and control on the basis of meeting the large consumption demand of users.

　　Southern Network and Guangdong Learning Reporter Li Jiechan

　　[Global Times Comprehensive Report] When Americans are outraged by what they see as "forced labor" in other countries, they turn a blind eye to the "forced labor" in their own country. According to the research report "Exploitation of Imprisoned Laborers" released by ACLU and GHRC of the University of Chicago Law School on June 15th, 2022, there are more than 1.2 million people imprisoned in state and federal prisons in the United States, two thirds of whom are engaged in labor. The work of nearly 800,000 prison workers looks the same as that of ordinary people outside the prison, but there are actually two key differences: First, prison workers are under the complete control of their employers; Secondly, they cannot get rid of the situation of exploitation and abuse. As a result, American prison workers have become modern slaves.

　　Prison workers are not protected by law.

　　From the moment they entered the prison, prison workers lost the right to refuse to work. This is because although the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States explicitly protects citizens from slavery and involuntary servitude, people imprisoned for criminal conviction are not protected. Therefore, during the prevalence of the Jim Crow Act, which aimed at apartheid, racists abused the criminal conviction of blacks by taking advantage of the legal loopholes in the second half of the thirteenth amendment, and put them in prison and continued to be enslaved. Its influence continues to this day. Today, the right to work of prisoners is still not protected by American law. The fair labor standards act of the United States provides minimum wage and overtime protection for private sector and government employees, but this law does not apply to prisoners. In 1993, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit ruled that Congress, not the court, should decide whether the law is applicable to prisoners. The U.S. court also ruled that the National Labor Relations Act, which aims to protect the collective bargaining rights of employees in the private sector, does not apply to prisoners, so prison workers cannot form trade unions and are not guaranteed safety in the workplace.

　　The ILO Convention on Forced or Compulsory Labour in 1930 and the Convention on the Abolition of Forced Labour in 1957 have been ratified by more than 180 countries respectively, which have become an indispensable part of the world’s basic human rights. However, the United States has only ratified the latter, while the United States government believes that the Convention will restrict the use of prison labor by the private sector and has not yet ratified it.

　　The salary is pitifully low.

　　Prison workers receive little or no wages. In 2021, the average hourly salary of prison workers in the United States was only 13-52 cents, and the salary has not been raised for several years or even decades. In seven states, including Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Mississippi, South Carolina and Texas, most of the work of prison workers is totally unpaid. Even for this pitiful salary, the government will deduct 80% of it for prison "accommodation", court fees, compensation and other expenses, such as building and maintaining prisons. In addition, prisons charge prisoners high fees for basic necessities, such as calling relatives, sanitary products and medical care, which further reduces the disposable income of prison workers. Nearly 70% of the respondents said that they could not afford the basic necessities with prison wages.

　　Because the wages of prison workers are so low, their families must not only bear the loss of income due to the loss of labor, but also support their imprisoned relatives financially. In 2019, the families of prison workers spent a total of $2.9 billion on their prison accounts and telephone communications, and more than half of them were forced to borrow money to pay for these expenses.

　　At the same time, the reform-through-labour personnel have created a lot of wealth for the prison and the government, and the state government is the main beneficiary. Throughout the United States, prison workers produce more than $2 billion worth of goods and more than $9 billion worth of maintenance services every year.

　　More than 80% prison workers are engaged in prison maintenance, which offsets the cost of the bloated prison system. Many prison workers are assigned to sweep the floor, mop the floor, or maintain the site, grow vegetables, cook, wash clothes and other jobs to maintain the normal operation of the prison.

　　Another 8% workers are assigned to public works projects, including maintaining cemeteries, school grounds and parks; Building roads and houses; Cleaning; Clean up garbage and dangerous goods; Undertake forestry work, etc. At least 30 states explicitly count prison workers as labor resources and include them in their action plans to deal with disasters and emergencies. In 14 states, prisoner firefighters still need to fight fires. In Georgia, prisoner firefighters handle more than 3,000 fires and traffic accidents every year on average, but their wages are zero. Prison workers with special talents may suffer more serious exploitation. For example, people who can sell paintings for 400-600 dollars in the market can only obey the arrangement of correctional officers and make "artistic creation" for free in prison.

　　State-owned enterprises in the United States employ 6.5% prison workers and produce more than $2 billion in goods and services every year. Less than 1% of workers are assigned to private companies, which usually offer higher wages, but the wages of workers will also be deducted.

　　The wages used by prisons to pay prison workers are less than 1% of the budget, while more than two-thirds of the budget is used to pay the salaries of prison managers. Some government officials even expressed their opposition to reducing the prison and prison population, because it would reduce the prison labor force. The more prisoners there are, the more prison workers there will be, which means that the government departments will earn more. Although the number of prisoners in the United States has steadily decreased since 2008, its population still ranks first in the world. When prison workers are used as cheap labor, American judicial policy will be kidnapped by selfish desires.

　　Bad working environment

　　In the United States, ordinary workers can get workplace safety and labor protection, but the law does not protect prison workers. They sometimes work in very dangerous environments, such as slaughterhouses and fire brigades. Some people have to endure high temperature and no ventilation for a long time and work hard, and some even come into contact with toxic dangerous goods. If not in prison, these violations of labor protection will be strictly monitored by health and safety regulations and inspectors.

　　Research shows that 70% of prison workers say they have not received formal job training, and many people are worried about their job safety. Without safety conditions or standard protective equipment, some prison workers who have no relevant experience and training are required to engage in dangerous work, resulting in preventable injuries and deaths. A report from California said that between 2012 and 2016, more than 600 people were injured. Due to insufficient data collected, this figure probably underestimates the real impact of prison work on the health and safety of reform-through-labour personnel.

　　The COVID-19 epidemic has increased the work risk of prison workers.

　　Prison workers are extremely humble and vulnerable groups. During the epidemic in Covid-19, the living conditions of prison workers were even worse. Most people in the United States avoid going out for epidemic prevention, but prison workers have to be exposed to the epidemic, and many people are forced to continue working. If they refuse, they will be threatened with solitary confinement or delayed holidays.

　　Almost every state in the United States has reports about prison workers participating in the response to the epidemic. In Michigan, Missouri, new york, Oregon and Texas, prison workers are at the highest risk of contacting Covid-19. They are forced to clean sheets and clothes, transport bodies, make coffins and dig graves for hospitals that treat COVID-19 cases. Because of Covid-19’s rampage in prisons, prison workers in at least 40 states were required to produce masks, hand sanitizers and other personal protective equipment during the early epidemic, but they could not get these protective equipment themselves. Due to security concerns, Florida Prison suspended prisoners from meeting their families, but continued to force them to build roads, drain sewers and move for government agencies.

　　According to the statistics of "Coronavirus Prison Project" in the United States, as of August 26th, 2022, the number of prisoners infected with Covid-19 exceeded 614,000, due to overcrowding, lack of access to masks, vaccines and protective equipment, and lack of treatment opportunities. However, even if the epidemic seriously threatens life safety, there are still 16 States that do not provide vaccines for prisoners as early as possible. Due to the bad working environment caused by the epidemic, a large number of prison managers seek to leave their jobs, and prisons have become more dangerous. In Georgia, some prisons have 70% vacancies. At the Senate hearing, US Attorney General merrick Garland said: "I agree that this is a serious problem for the Federal Prison Administration."

　　The prospects of prison workers are bleak after their release.

　　According to a survey conducted by the Bureau of Justice and Statistics of the United States in 2021, most prison workers (70%) believe that the most important purpose of their work is to acquire vocational skills that can be put to use after release, but the prison labor program fails to provide the prisoners with the necessary skills. In fact, the vast majority of work projects in prisons involve trivial or repetitive work. Across the United States, industrial jobs and vocational training programs in prisons are decreasing, while the proportion of maintenance and repair work in prisons is increasing. As a result, prisoners are almost penniless when they are released, and they face obstacles to employment, including discrimination and state occupational license restrictions, which prevent them from working in areas where they have been trained in prison. Marianne Rosenblat, a professor at the University of Chicago and a researcher at the Global Human Rights Clinic, pointed out that the American prison system claims to reform the prisoners, but the prison labor program is just the opposite. In the face of forced labor and exploitation in American prisons, don’t American politicians who claim to be "staunch defenders of human rights" need to reflect deeply? (The author is Zhou Qi, a researcher at the American Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences, and Yang Weichao, a doctoral student at China Academy of Social Sciences)

On December 18, 1999, Chery’s first vehicle rolled off the assembly line; On October 19, 2024, Chery’s 15 millionth vehicle rolled off the assembly line. In 25 years, with a flick of a finger.

　

　

On December 18th, 1999, Chery rolled off the production line for the first time.

　

　

On October 19th, 2024, the 15th millionth Chery rolled off the assembly line.

　

Perhaps coincidentally or intentionally, Chery launched three new cars, namely Star Era ET Extended Range Four-wheel Drive, iCAR V23 and Chery Fengyun A8L, for three consecutive days, and ushered in a brand-new December 18th-the first December 18th after crossing the 15 million milestone.

　

One day later, on December 19th, the extended version of Chery and Huawei’s cooperative brand Zhijie R7 will also be officially launched. On the same day, Xingjiyuan ET will also challenge the snow slope of Shougang ski platform with a height of 60m and a slope of 37.82.

　

　

Four new cars listed in five days in a row

　

Yin Tongyue, Chairman of Chery Group, said at the 2024 Chery Global Innovation Conference that Chery is 27 years old, and we are still young in front of many century-old automobile stores. Compared with some big enterprises, we are still a small enterprise, and we are ready in a series of aspects such as new energy, intelligence, globalization, ecology and innovation system. Chery’s career has just begun.

　

Yes, from the first car off the assembly line, by 2024, it will have crossed the steps of selling 2 million cars a year and going out to sea 1 million cars a year, with a total of 15 million cars. Chery’s career has just begun.

　

01

　

In today’s order of magnitude, the hardships after Chery’s first car rolled off the assembly line are almost unimaginable. At that time, Chery, which had started a business in the "Xiaocaofang", had not yet obtained a license to produce cars, that is, it had not been listed in the catalogue and had no "hukou", which meant that the cars it produced could not be sold nationwide.

　

In 2000, Chery produced more than 2,000 cars. In order to make this enterprise without a car license survive, Chery people have shown amazing perseverance.

　

In the absence of a catalogue for making cars and the closure of enterprises, the company put forward four qualities of Chery people: "iron will, sea mind, iceberg calmness and first love passion", which evolved into Chery’s unique "small cottage spirit": backbone, courage to take responsibility; Don’t be afraid of difficulties and never give up; Create unlimited dreams with limited resources; Always keep a sense of urgency.

　

　

In 2000, 200 Chery cars celebrated the opening of Wuhu Yangtze River Bridge.

　

In 2001, Chery car was officially listed. At the test run meeting in Beijing in 2001, Chery put eight cars at the gate of the Asian Games Village in the way of "rubbing against the venue", which aroused the interest of reporters passing by and shocked the domestic market after being reported by the media. In 2001, Chery sold 28,000 cars and became the biggest "dark horse" in the industry.

　

In October of that year, a Syrian car dealer happened to see Chery on the street in Beijing, and chased it from Beijing to Wuhu and then to Shanghai, demanding to import Chery cars. After Chery declined fruitlessly, it finally agreed to wholesale 10 cars and export them to Syria, which started Chery’s journey to the sea.

　

　

In 2001, the first batch of Chery cars were exported to Syria.

　

As a result, Chery established the strategy of "no internal instability, no external weakness" at the beginning of its establishment, insisted on the domestic and international markets going hand in hand, and was determined to pursue the goal of building a world-class brand.

　

02

　

In 2003, Chery launched three new cars, namely Qiyun, Son of the Orient and QQ. Later, classic models such as A1, A3 and Tiggo were introduced to the market one after another. Among them, Chery QQ quickly became the best-selling model of Chery in that year with its lovely shape and high cost performance. Chery QQ has sold millions of models in ten years.

　

　

In 2006, the 300,000 th QQ rolled off the assembly line.

　

On August 22nd, 2007, Chery’s millionth car, Chery A3, was officially rolled off the assembly line in the Third Assembly Plant, and China’s independent brand enterprises welcomed the first millionth car.

　

　

In 2007, the millionth car rolled off the assembly line.

　

On March 26th, 2010, the 2 millionth car of Chery Automobile was rolled off the production line in Wuhu and the new products of Weilin were listed. China’s own brand was the first to exceed 2 million cars.

　

Under the peak, Chery started a firm strategic transformation, from the pursuit of speed to the pursuit of quality and technological transformation, and made every effort to establish a positive development process system. At one time, it did not issue a new car for three years.

　

On July 26, 2013, Chery Arrizo 7 was officially listed, which was the first answer sheet handed in by Chery in three years of strategic transformation.

　

　

In 2013, Chery Arrizo 7 went public.

　

On December 18, 2015, a brand-new Arrizo 5 car slowly rolled off the production line at the scene of the car off-line celebration with the theme of "Next 5 million, Chery makes you more exciting", and Chery automobile reached a new milestone-the 5 millionth car rolled off the assembly line.

　

　

In 2015, Chery’s 5 millionth car rolled off the assembly line.

　

The exploration of transformation continues.

　

September 20, 2016, Beijing, China International Exhibition Center. Chery’s brand-new flagship SUV, the Tiggo 7, which is based on the TX concept car that won the design award of the Geneva International Auto Show, has been officially launched after four years of positive development and verification. This is the first SUV of the second generation product series after Chery’s strategic transformation.

　

　

In 2016, Tiggo 7 went public.

　

On March 25th, 2017, the first pure electric car Ant (eQ) launched in the era of strategic transformation 2.0 of the company made its debut in Beijing’s fashion landmark "Jingyuan Art Center".

　

　

In 2017, the first small ant went on the market.

　

On September 12, 2017, at the 67th Frankfurt Motor Show, Chery officially released a new high-end product series EXEED and EXEED TX, marking the official birth of Chery’s high-end brand EXEED.

　

　

In 2017, Xingtu brand was officially released.

　

On April 25th, 2018, at the 15th beijing international automotive exhibition Media Day Chery Conference, Chery’s brand-new SUV Tiggo 8 was officially announced. Tiggo 8 series has become the main product to help Chery take off again.

　

　

In 2018, Tiggo 8 went public.

　

On August 18, 2018, Jetway X70 was officially listed in China. As soon as Jetway was born, it was accompanied by "Jetway Speed": 40,000 vehicles were sold in the first four months.

　

　

In 2018, Jetway launched its first car.

　

March 18th, 2021, the 24th anniversary of Chery Automobile. On this special day, seven concierge-class SUVs were officially listed through live online broadcast, and the ceiling of 200,000 yuan was smashed for the first time.

　

　

In 2021, Xingtu went public on the moon.

　

On April 26th, 2022, the Tiggo 8 Series entered the "500,000 Clubs" with great strength.

　

03

　

On April 7, 2023, Chery New Energy Night, the group released the new energy electric brand iCAR, the new series of high-end pure electricity of Xingtu brand, Star Era STERRA and Kunpeng Super Hybrid C-DM.

　

　

In 2023, Chery New Energy Night.

　

On November 9, 2023, the brand new energy sequence of Chery brand was officially released; On November 14th, Jietu Shanhai new energy sequence was officially released; On November 28th, the first cooperation model between Chery and Huawei, Zhijie S7, was officially launched.

　

At this point, Chery Group has formally formed a full-track product group represented by Chery, Xingtu, Jietu, iCAR and Zhijie, which is coordinated by oil and electricity.

　

　

Chery Fengyun T9

　

At the same time, Chery is accelerating its transformation into a global technology company. From the "Eta Ursae Majoris Science and Technology DAY 2025" in 2022 to the global innovation conference upgraded in 2024, the water level of Chery’s technology reservoir has been rising year by year, and the five major areas of Mars architecture, Kunpeng Power, Lion Intelligent Cabin, Great Wisdom Driving and Galaxy Ecology have been comprehensively advanced.

　

　

Jie tu shan hai T1

　

At present, Chery is still developing an engine with 48% thermal efficiency, which will break through some theoretical cycle limits; Solid-state batteries will also achieve the ultimate technical solution and strive to achieve loading in 2026; The intelligent cabin realizes complete content through a large model, and intelligently drives an end-to-end corner to overtake, thus improving the level of urban unmanned driving. From "new energy is welcome" to "intelligence is welcome", Chery’s technical self-confidence has become more and more firm, and heavy products have been accelerated to market.

　

　

Xingjiyuan ET extended range four-wheel drive

　

Fengyun A8, A8L, Fengyun T9, T10, Xingyue ES, ET, Eta Ursae Majoris C-DM, iCAR03, V23, Jietu Shanhai L series, T series, Zhijie R7, new S7 and other models have been released successively.

　

　

Wisdom new S7, wisdom R7

　

Chery’s determination to pursue the brand upward has always been firm. It is not easy to build the brand overnight. Ruiqi and Guanzhi have accumulated a lot of experience. Today, Starway has crossed the survival threshold of selling 100,000 vehicles a year. At the product level, it has established technical self-confidence and needs the precipitation of the brand.

　

　

iCAR V23

　

Whether it is the intellectual community that cooperates with Huawei or the freelancer that will soon cooperate with Jaguar Land Rover, it is also based on Chery’s technical accumulation.

　

Chery’s internationalization has become more and more solid. On November 1st, 2024, the 1 millionth export vehicle of Tiggo 7 set sail in Wuhu Port, and Chery reached the first time in history that its export exceeded 1 million vehicles during the year, which also set a new record for China automobile enterprises to achieve the fastest export of 1 million vehicles during the year.

　

　

Chery’s 1 millionth car went to sea during the year.

　

On November 23rd, 2024, local time in Barcelona, Spain, the ——EBRO brand S700, the first product of Chery’s joint venture with Spain’s EV MOTORS, went offline. Up to now, Chery’s business has covered more than 110 countries and regions around the world, with a total of more than 15.4 million automobile users, including 4.4 million overseas users, making it the first China brand whose cumulative export sales exceeded 4 million.

　

　

The first product of Chery’s Spanish joint venture factory went offline.

　

One year after issuing the declaration of "You’re welcome for new energy", today’s Chery, new energy has caught up with the big collection. Fengyun T9 has sold more than 10,000 vehicles in a row, Shanhai Series is expected to exceed 90,000 vehicles in the whole year, Zhijie R7 will sell more than 10,000 vehicles in the second month of listing, and iCAR V23 will order more than 30,000 vehicles on the day of pre-sale. The sales volume of Xingtu’s high-end new energy "Three Musketeers" has accounted for more than 70%.

　

In November, Chery’s new energy sales reached 77,830 vehicles, a new monthly high. From January to November, the cumulative new energy sales exceeded 480,000 vehicles, up 214% year-on-year, and the growth rate of new energy ranked first among mainstream car companies.

　

　

Chery’s new energy sales in the first 11 months

　

Intelligentization also started the "first shot" after the "You’re welcome declaration". Starway brand’s world-first "Falcon Smart Driving" technology, the first to be mounted on the new Star Era ET extended-range four-wheel drive, has super computing power and advanced algorithms, which can quickly identify the environment and objects and realize the end-to-end smart driving at the first echelon level in the industry.

　

Since then, Chery smart cars have fully entered the first year of high-level intelligent driving NOA. In 2025, high-end intelligent driving will be equipped with more than a dozen models of the Group for mass production, from NOA in the city without a map to NOA in its own flagship high speed, relying on end-to-end technology to quickly realize NOA mass production; In 2027, a VLA model will be formed, allowing cars to truly enter the era of intelligent driving.

　

　

Chery’s Dazhuo Intelligent

　

In the future, Chery will continue to take "innovation", "openness" and "globalization" as the key words, constantly pursue the limit, innovation and change, speed up the layout of new energy tracks, take the TOP 10 of the global automobile industry as the strategic goal, open a new chapter of high-quality development in an all-round way, and inject unlimited power into China’s automobile development.

　

▍ Source: Chery people

　

▍ Editor: Annie Guo

What do you think of first when you mention Japanese movies? Some people may be the first to think of Doraemon, others may think of it, and of course, it is not excluded that some people will think of Japanese adult action movies that are popular all over the world.

What I bring to you today is a talented director who is called "the closest master in contemporary Japan". His previous works are mainly based on modern Japanese families, looking for the taste of life from daily family chores, and then understanding the truth of life. Because he was a documentary director, his works have a strong and distinct documentary style and the language characteristics of restraint and forbearance. Appreciating his works can feel a shock that penetrates people’s hearts. Yes, he is Hirokazu Koreeda, an outstanding representative of the new wave of Japanese movies. As a native Japanese director, Hirokazu Koreeda’s works are also deeply imprinted with the brand of Japanese nation, society and culture. Now let’s get a glimpse of Japanese traditional culture through his lens.

Japanese philosophy of life and death

Death is a common theme in Hirokazu Koreeda’s films. However, in his films, we will never see the scene that "the characters in the play are heartbroken because of where will you go". In Chinese, Hirokazu Koreeda used the narrative method of Japanese traditional literature to tell a warm and sad story about life and death carefully and objectively, quietly and introverted. This is inseparable from the concept of death in Japanese culture. As we all know, Japan is a narrow island country with poor natural resources, frequent earthquakes and difficult survival. This makes the Japanese feel that life is short, good things will eventually disappear, and death is also a very natural thing. Haruki Murakami once wrote in Norwegian Forest that "death is not the opposite of life, but exists as a part of life." Therefore, it is not a terrible thing to die in the hearts of Japanese people, and we should treat each other with equanimity. Therefore, it is not difficult for us to understand that after the memorial meeting of Fujii, relatives and friends can immediately make wine and drink; A film that reflects the theme of death can be filmed with such tenderness; And why there are some quiet and solemn cemeteries around the noisy residential areas in Japan.

Looking at Japanese Dining Table Culture from Family Eating

In Hirokazu Koreeda’s family ethics plays, there are often scenes of a family eating around the table. In fact, dining table culture is an extremely important part of Japanese traditional culture. In Japan, colleagues and friends rarely visit at random, and they usually choose the meeting place outside their home. Therefore, daily family meals have a certain sense of family and ceremony. Japan is also a country that attaches great importance to etiquette and aesthetic form. The arrangement of dishes, drinks, soup, rice, bowls and chopsticks on the table before meals, the greetings before and after meals, when to move chopsticks during meals, and the placement of hands should be meticulously and conscientiously implemented. Because in the traditional educational concept of Japan, the completeness and rigor of the ceremony directly reflect the importance of family values. Through a group of eating scenes, we can see the general situation of this family.

Male Patriarchal Culture in Japanese Society and the Dissolution of Hirokazu Koreeda

In traditional Japanese society, strict patriarchal system is implemented. Patriarchal culture can be seen everywhere in Japanese family ethics dramas. The father is the head of the family and has absolute control over his wife, children and house. However, Hirokazu Koreeda’s films downplayed the image of his father. No one knows there is no father role at all, and the father’s sense of existence is extremely weak. The unique growth experience seems to make him intentionally or unintentionally dissolve the traditional male patriarchal culture in Japanese society. "Now is not the era when the father is the pillar of the family, and the values of the patriarchal center no longer exist. So, this is the end of the story, and there is no need to force it deliberately. On the contrary, I think it is better to have no patriarchy. The family is still more peaceful with the mother as the center. " Hirokazu Koreeda said.

Looking at Japanese Culture from Husband’s Cheating

Japan is the most open country in the world. Even many Japanese institutions of higher learning have experts and scholars who specialize in erotic films. In their view, sex is an endless love affair that has nothing to do with reproduction, and it is a communication from the sacred lust inside the human body. Men and women construct the undifferentiated relationship between themselves and others through sex. It is because of sex that love presents a pleasant taste of lewdness. Sex is the most essential, sincere and pure thing in the world. Therefore, in the films directed by Japanese directors, the open love scene is an unambiguous expression. Yoshimitsu Morita’s Paradise Lost tells a desperate sex story with aesthetic sentiment. Jiumu and Rinzi couldn’t stand all kinds of social pressures because of their extramarital affairs, and took drugs to commit suicide in the north where snowflakes were flying.

In Hirokazu Koreeda’s films, we often find the image of the father who is having an affair (Diary of the Sea Street, etc.), which is actually a true portrayal of Japanese society today. In 2016, Japan’s Sankei Shimbun organized a derailment investigation, and even 49% of Japanese women who have always given people implicit responsibilities admitted that they had an affair. The average Japanese think that sex and love are separate, and love is something in the spiritual world. Therefore, there is a popular legend in Japanese society that "both men and women accept each other’s physical infidelity but don’t allow emotional infidelity". In Japan, many boys may still patronize custom shops and seek excitement after reaching the legal age. Even after marriage, they may still patronize, and many Japanese women choose to acquiesce when they know it. Perhaps as Hirokazu Koreeda himself said: "I don’t think that a father will have an affair, but I can only say that such a person is around." It is also in the name of "sex" that Japanese society even staged astonishing phenomena such as family incest and intercourse between man and beast.

Cruel social pressure and weak interpersonal relationships forced the Japanese to constantly explore ways to make a living. Yamato has always been a nation that respects the strong and is good at thinking. Hirokazu Koreeda, who specializes in the creation of family ethics, also made a bold transformation in 2017, shooting the first unconventional suspense film in his life. "I have been filming family themes for more than ten years, and I have tried a breakthrough in this film, hoping to expand the audience’s attention to their own films and turn their attention to social and times issues." What attracted him was "Is the court the place to decide the truth?" He said: "It is a legal psychological film. This time, my idea is not to make a reasoning story, but to describe the confusion that a lawyer has when he faces a completely unpredictable murderer and feels him." Seeing is believing. Just earlier this month, Hirokazu Koreeda’s new film was first shown in Chinese mainland. Take your precious time and visit the cinema in person.

For a car can not be purely good or bad power performance of the hero, such as other aspects of performance is also worth talking about. Let’s take a look at its performance.

Take a look at the appearance of the Crown SportCross first. The front face of the Crown SportCross looks very individual and calm, and looks relatively young and fashionable. The headlights are round and cute, and the overall look is very simple. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing, etc. Come to the side, the body size of the car is 4980MM*1840MM*1540MM, the car adopts sharp lines, the side circumference feels very youthful personality, and with large-sized thick-walled tires, it looks sporty. In the rear design, the rear and front face echo each other, the taillights are very rustic, and the exhaust pipe with unique shape is very full.

In terms of interior, the interior design of the Crown SportCross is very stylish and generous, which is easy to impress the hearts of young consumers. The steering wheel of the car looks very good on the outside, and it is made of genuine leather material, which makes the feel good. Take a look at the central control, the center console design is reasonable, which makes the interior style impressive, which is in line with the temperament of the car. Finally, take a look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard design is remarkable and the design is relatively hard. The car adopts leather seats, which are well wrapped in place, with good support and comfort.

The car is equipped with vehicle to everything, driving mode selection, remote key, Bluetooth key, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), Bluetooth/WIFI connection and other configurations, which are rich in functions and greatly enhance its convenience of use.

This level of models can often take into account cost performance and practicality, and is often considered by most consumers as the first choice when buying a car. If you like it, you can pay more attention!

1905 movie network news According to The New York Times, "Spongebob" will launch a derivative work featuring Squidward Tentacles. Netflix has signed a contract with Nick Channel, and the form is uncertain for the time being. Most of it will be an animated drama, but there is also the possibility of a movie.

It is said that this work is part of a $200 million contract between Netflix and Nick Channel, and will play the role of "musical talent" in the original work based on musical elements. Fans have long ridiculed that "in fact, the protagonist of Spongebob is Squidward Tentacles", and this time it is expected to come true.

Recently, the third film of Spongebob also exposed a poster, telling that Spongebob and Patrick re-embarked on an adventure to find snail Gary. This animation IP, which was first broadcast in 1999, still has strong vitality.