爱上海419论坛-阿拉上海后花园419-夜上海最新论坛社区-上海品茶工作室

　　Cctv newsA few days ago, the State Council issued the National Technology Transfer System Construction Plan (hereinafter referred to as the Plan), which clearly put forward the general idea, development goals, key tasks and safeguard measures for accelerating the construction and improvement of the national technology transfer system, deployed and constructed the national technology transfer system in line with the laws of scientific and technological innovation, technology transfer and industrial development, and comprehensively improved the ability of science and technology supply, transfer and diffusion.　　

　　I. General requirements

　　(1) Guiding ideology.

　　Fully implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee, thoroughly implement the spirit of the series of important speeches by the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the new ideas, ideas and strategies for governing the country, make overall plans to promote the "five in one" overall layout and coordinate the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, firmly establish and implement new development concepts, and thoroughly implement the innovation-driven development strategy. Stimulate the vitality of innovation subjects, strengthen the docking of technology supply and demand, optimize the allocation of factors, improve the policy environment, give play to the important role of technology transfer in enhancing the ability of scientific and technological innovation and promoting economic and social development, and provide strong support for accelerating the construction of an innovative country and a world science and technology power.

　　(2) Basic principles.

　　— — Market-led, government-driven. Give play to the decisive role of the market in promoting technology transfer, strengthen the functions of the market to accelerate the penetration and diffusion of science and technology, and promote the optimal allocation of innovative elements. The government pays attention to strategy, planning, policy and service to create a good environment for technology transfer.

　　— — Reform traction and innovate mechanism. Follow the law of technology transfer, grasp the new characteristics of open, networked and nonlinear innovation paradigm, explore flexible and diverse technology transfer systems and mechanisms, and mobilize the enthusiasm of various innovation subjects and technology transfer carriers.

　　— — Problem-oriented, focusing on the key. Focus on the weak links in the technology transfer system and the key sticking points in the transfer and transformation, put forward targeted and operable policy measures, fill in the shortcomings of technology transfer and open up the technology transfer chain.

　　— — Vertical and horizontal linkage, strengthen coordination. Strengthen the linkage between the central and local governments, the coordination between departments and industries, the integration of military and civilian, and the international and domestic connectivity, integrate resources from all parties, and realize the convergence and matching of technology transfer work in various regions, departments and industries.

　　(3) Construction objectives.

　　By 2020, a national technology transfer system adapted to the new situation will be basically established, an interconnected technology market will take shape, market-oriented technology transfer institutions and specialized technology transfer talents will grow and develop, innovative elements such as technology, capital and talents will be organically integrated, technology transfer channels will be smoother, and international technology transfer for countries along the Belt and Road will be widely carried out, which is conducive to the basic establishment of the system and mechanism for capitalization and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements.

　　By 2025, the national technology transfer system with reasonable structure, perfect functions, sound system and efficient operation will be fully established, the technology market will be fully developed, all kinds of innovative subjects will cooperate and interact efficiently, the technology transfer system and mechanism will be more perfect, and the diffusion, flow, sharing and application of scientific and technological achievements will be smoother.

　　(4) System layout.

　　Building and perfecting the national technology transfer system is a systematic project. We should focus on building an efficient and coordinated national innovation system, and proceed from the whole process, chain and elements of technology transfer, and make system layout from three aspects: infrastructure, transfer channels and support.

　　— — Infrastructure. Give full play to the important role of innovative subjects such as enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes in promoting technology transfer, take the unified and open technology market as the link and the technology transfer institutions and talents as the support, strengthen the effective supply, transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements, promote the formation of a closely interactive technology transfer network, and build a "four beams and eight pillars" of the technology transfer system.

　　— — Transfer channel. Through scientific research personnel’s innovation and entrepreneurship, as well as cross-military, cross-regional and cross-border technology transfer, we will enhance the radiation and diffusion function of the technology transfer system, promote the orderly flow and efficient allocation of scientific and technological achievements, guide the organic integration of technology with talents, capital, enterprises and industries, and accelerate the widespread penetration and application of new technologies, new products and new models.

　　— — Support and guarantee. Strengthen investment and financing, intellectual property rights and other services, create a policy environment conducive to technology transfer, and ensure the efficient operation of the technology transfer system.

　　Second, optimize the infrastructure of the national technology transfer system

　　(V) Stimulate the innovation subject’s technology transfer vitality.

　　Strengthen the supply of demand-oriented scientific and technological achievements. Give play to the main role of enterprises in the R&D investment and organization and implementation of market-oriented science and technology projects, and promote enterprises and other technical demanders to deeply participate in the whole process of project process management, acceptance and evaluation. Clarify the task of transforming achievements in major national science and technology projects, set up assessment indicators directly related to transformation, improve the mechanism of "laying eggs along the way" and narrow the distance between achievements and the market. Guide universities and research institutes to combine development orientation, closely follow market demand and carry out technological innovation and transfer and transformation activities; Strengthen the exchange and use of annual reports on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities and research institutes.

　　Promote collaborative technology transfer in Industry-University-Research. Give play to the role of platform carriers such as the National Technology Innovation Center and the Manufacturing Innovation Center, and promote the transfer and diffusion of major key technologies. Relying on enterprises, universities and research institutes, we will build a number of pilot and mature bases for scientific and technological achievements focusing on subdivided fields, popularize technology maturity evaluation, and promote the large-scale application of technological achievements. Support enterprises to take the lead in building industrial technology innovation strategic alliances with universities and research institutes, and promote technology transfer and diffusion by means of technology cross-licensing and establishing patent pools. Accelerate the development of new research and development institutions and explore new mechanisms for common technology research and development and technology transfer. Give full play to the advantages of scientific and technological societies such as academic societies, trade associations and research associations, and rely on Industry-University-Research Collaborative Community to promote technology transfer.

　　Promote technology transfer in areas in urgent need of economic and social development. Focusing on the major scientific and technological needs in the fields of social livelihood, such as environmental governance, precise poverty alleviation, population health and public safety, we will give play to the role of public welfare technology transfer platforms such as clinical medical research centers, publish a guiding catalogue of public welfare technological achievements, carry out demonstration and popularization applications, and let the people share advanced scientific and technological achievements. Focus on strategic areas that affect long-term development, strengthen the docking of technology supply and demand, and accelerate the transformation and application of major scientific and technological achievements. Aim at key areas with large coverage and obvious economic benefits such as artificial intelligence, strengthen the popularization and application of key common technologies, and promote industrial transformation and upgrading. Facing the scientific and technological needs of agricultural and rural economic and social development, we should give full play to the role of "one main and multiple" agricultural technology extension system with public welfare agricultural technology extension institutions as the mainstay and social service organizations as the supplement, and strengthen the construction of agricultural technology transfer system.

　　(6) Building a unified and open technology market.

　　Build an interconnected national technology trading network. Relying on the existing hub-type technology trading network platform, we will connect technology transfer institutions, investment and financing institutions and various innovative subjects through Internet technology, gather innovative elements such as achievements, funds, talents, services and policies, and carry out online and offline technology trading activities.

　　Accelerate the development of technology market. Cultivate and develop a number of national technology trading markets with perfect functions and strong radiation, and improve regional and industrial technology trading markets connected with the national technology trading network. Promote the linkage and integration of technology market and capital market, and broaden the channels for all kinds of capital to participate in technology transfer investment, circulation and withdrawal.

　　Improve the level of technology transfer services. Formulate technology transfer service standards, improve the market-oriented pricing mechanism that conforms to the characteristics of scientific and technological achievements trading, and clarify the operating procedures such as auction of scientific and technological achievements, listing and trading in the technology trading market, and announcement of agreement transaction information. Establish and improve the special statistical system of technology transfer service industry, and improve the identification rules and registration management methods of technology contracts.

　　(seven) the development of technology transfer institutions.

　　Strengthen government guidance and services. Integrate and strengthen the functions of national technology transfer management institutions, strengthen the overall planning, guidance and coordination of the development of national technology trading markets and technology transfer institutions, and carry out information collection, evaluation and transfer services for scientific and technological achievements generated by financial assistance for the whole society. Guide the market-oriented and standardized development of technology transfer institutions, improve the service ability and level, and cultivate a number of technology transfer institutions with demonstration and driving effects.

　　Strengthen the construction of technology transfer institutions in universities and research institutes. Encourage universities and research institutes to build specialized technology transfer institutions without increasing the establishment, and strengthen the market development, marketing promotion and after-sales service of scientific and technological achievements. Innovate the management and operation mechanism of technology transfer in universities and research institutes, establish the disclosure system of service inventions, implement the employment system of technical managers, clarify the benefit distribution mechanism, and guide professionals to engage in technology transfer services.

　　Accelerate the development of socialized technology transfer institutions. Encourage all kinds of intermediaries to provide professional services such as intellectual property, legal consultation, asset evaluation and technology evaluation for technology transfer. Guide all kinds of innovation subjects and technology transfer institutions to jointly form technology transfer alliances and strengthen information sharing and business cooperation. Encourage qualified places to support relevant technology transfer institutions in combination with service performance.

　　(eight) to expand the professional technology transfer talent team.

　　Improve the multi-level technology transfer talent development mechanism. Strengthen the construction of talent teams such as technology transfer managers, technology brokers and technology managers, and smooth the channels for career development and promotion of professional titles. Support and encourage universities and scientific research institutes to set up innovative posts full-time engaged in technology transfer, and the distribution of performance pay should be tilted towards technology transfer personnel who have made outstanding contributions. Encourage retired professional and technical personnel to engage in technology transfer services. Make overall plans for appropriate use of policy guidance and market incentives, reward researchers more through market gains, and encourage researchers to engage in technology transfer activities through multiple channels. Strengthen policy support for personnel related to research and development and transformation of high-tech, national defense and other scientific and technological achievements.

　　Strengthen the training of technology transfer talents. Give full play to the role of enterprises, universities and research institutes, and attract overseas high-level technology transfer talents and teams through various carriers and forms such as projects, bases and teaching cooperation. Encourage qualified universities to set up disciplines or majors related to technology transfer, and establish joint training mechanisms with enterprises, research institutes and scientific and technological associations. Incorporate high-level technology transfer talents into the national and local special support plans for high-level talents.

　　Third, broaden the technology transfer channel

　　(nine) relying on innovation and entrepreneurship to promote technology transfer.

　　Encourage scientific researchers to innovate and start businesses. Guide scientific researchers to promote the transfer of scientific and technological achievements to small and medium-sized enterprises through various forms such as attachment to enterprises, part-time or on-the-job establishment of enterprises, and leaving their posts to start businesses. Support universities and research institutes to attract innovative and entrepreneurial talents to engage in technology transfer part-time by setting up mobile posts. Guide scientific research personnel to carry out technology transfer, technology development, technical service and technical consultation for enterprises, and manage the horizontal project funds according to the contract.

　　Strengthen the technology transfer function of innovation and entrepreneurship carrier. Focus on the real economy and advantageous industries, guide enterprises, universities and research institutes to develop specialized creative space, establish an open and shared innovation platform by relying on tools such as open source software and hardware, 3D printing and network manufacturing, and provide service support for technology transfer activities such as technology concept verification and commercial development. Encourage leading enterprises to open up innovative and entrepreneurial resources, support internal employees to start businesses, attract external entrepreneurs, promote cross-border integration of large, medium and small enterprises, and guide collaborative innovation in R&D, manufacturing and service. Optimize the functions of incubators, accelerators, university science parks and other incubation carriers, and build a full chain incubation system covering technology research and development, enterprise incubation and industrial development. Strengthen the carrier construction of rural innovation and entrepreneurship, and give play to the important role of science and technology commissioners in guiding the transfer of scientific and technological achievements to rural agriculture. In view of the technological innovation needs of the country, industry and enterprises, we will openly solicit solutions for the society through the forms of "competition for publication" and "bidding for technical problems".

　　(10) Deepen the two-way transformation of military and civilian scientific and technological achievements.

　　Strengthen the connection between military and civilian technology supply and demand. Strengthen the information interconnection of scientific and technological achievements in integration of defense and civilian technologies, and establish an information exchange mechanism for military and civilian technological achievements. Further improve the national public service platform for military and civilian technological achievements, and provide military and civilian scientific and technological achievements evaluation, information retrieval, policy consultation and other services. Strengthen the construction of military equipment procurement information platform, build a docking platform for military and civilian technology supply and demand, guide superior civilian products units to enter the field of military research and production, accelerate the cultivation of national security and emergency industries such as anti-terrorism, explosion-proof, stability and security, and strengthen the sharing of military and civilian R&D resources.

　　Optimize the system and mechanism of military-civilian technology transfer. We will improve supporting policies such as declassification of national defense scientific and technological achievements, ownership of rights, value evaluation, assessment and incentives, and two-way transformation of intellectual property rights between the military and the people. Carry out the national patent operation pilot in integration of defense and civilian technologies, and explore the establishment of national integration of defense and civilian technologies technology transfer center and national laboratory technology transfer alliance. Establish and improve the technology evaluation system of integration of defense and civilian technologies. Establish a docking mechanism for the transformation of military and local talents, technologies and achievements, and improve the system of professional title evaluation, post management and evaluation that conforms to the characteristics of the transformation of military and civilian scientific and technological achievements. Establish a supervision system for military-civilian technology transactions and improve the review and evaluation system for dual-use technology transfer projects. In some areas, we will explore the technology transfer mechanism and pilot policies in integration of defense and civilian technologies, and demonstrate the transfer and transformation of typical achievements. Explore a new mechanism for joint demonstration and organization and implementation of major scientific and technological projects.

　　(eleven) to promote the transfer and diffusion of scientific and technological achievements across regions.

　　Strengthen technology transfer in key areas. Give play to the leading role of Beijing, Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Center and other innovative resources gathering areas in radiation and source supply, and promote the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, the Yangtze River Economic Belt and other regions. We will carry out special actions to revitalize the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements in Northeast China, and innovation-driven assistance projects to promote the development of advantageous industries with regional characteristics through the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Optimize counterpart aid and assistance mechanisms, carry out poverty alleviation through science and technology, and promote the transfer and transformation of new varieties, new technologies and new achievements to poor areas.

　　Improve the gradient technology transfer pattern. Increase differentiated support for the transfer and transformation of achievements in the central and western regions, and accurately connect scientific and technological achievements around the needs of key industries. Explore the benefit sharing mechanism and win-win cooperation mode of the orderly transfer of scientific and technological achievements in the East, West and East, and lead the rational division of labor and optimize the layout of industries. Establish and improve the technology transfer network at the provincial, city and county levels, accelerate the transfer and transformation of advanced and applicable scientific and technological achievements to the county level, and promote the innovation-driven development of the county level.

　　Carry out regional pilot demonstrations. Support qualified areas to build national demonstration zones for the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, carry out institutional and institutional innovations and policies, and explore a number of experiences and models that can be replicated and popularized. Central universities, research institutes and enterprises are allowed to implement the relevant policies of the demonstration area according to regulations.

　　(12) Expand the space for international technology transfer.

　　Accelerate the global layout of technology transfer carriers. Accelerate the construction of an international technology transfer center, build an international technology transfer cooperation and information docking platform, strengthen international cooperation in technology introduction, technology incubation, digestion and absorption, technology export and talent introduction, and realize the integrated utilization of global technology resources. Strengthen the docking of domestic and foreign technology transfer institutions, innovate cooperation mechanisms, and form a two-way technology transfer channel.

　　Carry out the "One Belt, One Road" technological innovation cooperation technology transfer action. We will jointly build technology transfer centers and innovation cooperation centers with countries along the Belt and Road, build a "Belt and Road" technology transfer cooperation network, transfer advanced and applicable technologies to countries along the Belt and Road, and play a leading role in the "Belt and Road" capacity cooperation.

　　Encourage enterprises to carry out international technology transfer. Guide enterprises to establish international technology management companies and overseas R&D centers, and cooperate with foreign technology transfer institutions, business incubators and venture capital institutions. Carry out various forms of international technology transfer activities, establish a normalized exchange mechanism with international technology transfer organizations, and build a display and exchange platform for enterprise technology transfer around specific industrial fields.

　　Fourth, improve the policy environment and support.

　　(thirteen) to establish a correct orientation of scientific and technological evaluation.

　　Promote universities and research institutes to improve the classification and evaluation system of scientific researchers, establish a classification and evaluation system oriented to the quality, contribution and performance of scientific and technological innovation, and reverse the evaluation orientation of only papers and academic qualifications. For scientific researchers who are mainly engaged in applied research, technology development and achievement transformation, we should increase the weight of evaluation indicators such as achievement transformation, technology popularization and technical service, regard the contribution of scientific and technological achievements transformation to economic and social development as an important basis for scientific researchers’ job promotion, title evaluation and performance evaluation, and do not regard papers as restrictive conditions for evaluation, so as to guide the majority of scientific and technological workers to write papers on the land of the motherland.

　　(fourteen) to strengthen the policy convergence.

　　Improve the management system of state-owned technical intangible assets, optimize the management process of related assets evaluation according to the transformation characteristics of scientific and technological achievements, and explore ways to simplify the filing procedures through publicity. We will explore giving scientific researchers the ownership or long-term use right of scientific and technological achievements in horizontally entrusted projects, and carry out pilot reforms in which universities, scientific research institutes and other units jointly own the property rights of scientific and technological achievements of service inventions with the completers or teams under the premise of legal authorization. The achievements made by scientific researchers in universities and research institutes according to law are transformed into reward income, which is not included in performance pay. Establish and improve the innovative product procurement and the first set of insurance policies in line with international rules. We will improve the interactive support mechanism between technological innovation and standardization, and carry out pilot projects to transform scientific and technological achievements into technical standards. Combined with the direction of tax reform, in accordance with the principle of strengthening the incentive for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, we will make overall research on the tax policies related to the incentive income for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Improve the export control system, strengthen the construction of technology transfer security review system, and earnestly safeguard national security and core interests.

　　(15) Improve diversified investment and financing services.

　　National and local guiding funds for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements guide social capital to increase investment and financing support for early technology transfer projects and small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises through the establishment of venture capital sub-funds and loan risk compensation. Carry out pilot financing of intellectual property securitization and encourage commercial banks to carry out intellectual property pledge loans. In accordance with the unified arrangements of the State Council, banking financial institutions are encouraged to actively and steadily carry out pilot projects of internal investment and loan linkage and external investment and loan linkage. We will implement the pilot preferential policies for venture capital enterprises and angel investors to invest in seed-stage and start-up technology-based enterprises to deduct taxable income by 70% of their investment.

　　(sixteen) to strengthen the protection and operation of intellectual property rights.

　　Improve the protection of intellectual property rights to adapt to the new economic model, and release the motivation and vitality to stimulate innovation and entrepreneurship. Strengthen the legal protection of trade secrets in the process of technology transfer, and study and establish a legal system for the application mechanism of intellectual property rights such as compulsory license. Give full play to the leading role of judicial protection of intellectual property rights, improve the intellectual property protection mode in which administrative law enforcement and judicial protection have complementary advantages and are organically connected, popularize the technical investigation officer system, unify the standards of adjudication, and reform and optimize the administrative protection system of intellectual property rights. Optimize the patent and trademark examination process, expand the "patent prosecution highway" international cooperation network and improve the quality of intellectual property rights.

　　(seventeen) to strengthen information sharing and accurate docking.

　　Establish a national information service platform for scientific and technological achievements, integrate existing information resources of scientific and technological achievements, and promote the unified collection, opening, sharing and utilization of information on financial scientific and technological plans and scientific and technological awards. Demand-oriented, encourage all kinds of institutions to publish supply and demand information of scientific and technological achievements through channels such as technology trading market, and use technologies such as big data and cloud computing to carry out in-depth mining of scientific and technological achievements information. Establish a release mechanism for scientific and technological achievements packages in key areas, carry out scientific and technological achievements display and roadshows, and promote the accurate docking of technology, experts and enterprises.

　　(eighteen) to create a social atmosphere conducive to technology transfer.

　　In the process of technology transfer, leaders of universities, research institutes and other units perform the responsibility of outcome pricing decision-making, and scientific and technological managers perform the responsibility of project establishment and management, etc., improve the incentive mechanism and fault-tolerant and error-correcting mechanism, improve the diligent and conscientious policy, and form a good atmosphere that dares to transform and is willing to transform. Improve the social credit system, give play to the role of public opinion, and create a market environment with fair rights, fair opportunities and fair rules.

　　V. Strengthening organization and implementation

　　(nineteen) to strengthen organizational leadership.

　　The national leading group for the reform of science and technology system and the construction of innovation system is responsible for promoting the construction of the national technology transfer system as a whole and reviewing relevant major tasks and policies and measures. The administrative department of science and technology in the State Council should strengthen organization and coordination, clarify the division of responsibilities, refine the objectives and tasks, and strengthen supervision and implementation. Relevant departments should formulate detailed rules for implementation according to this plan, and study and implement relevant policies and measures to promote technology transfer. Local governments at all levels should put the construction of technology transfer system into an important agenda, establish a coordinated promotion mechanism, and do a good job in organizing and implementing it in light of the actual situation.

　　(20) Do a good job in policy implementation.

　　Comprehensively implement the relevant laws, regulations and supporting policies to promote technology transfer, and focus on the reform measures with symbolic and relevant functions. All localities and departments should establish a responsibility system for policy implementation, earnestly strengthen the follow-up monitoring and effect evaluation of policy implementation, and timely track, check and evaluate the implementation of major reforms and policy measures that have been introduced.

　　(twenty-one) increase capital investment.

　　All regions and departments should give full play to the guiding role of financial funds in technology transfer and achievement transformation, improve the investment mechanism, promote the integration of technology and finance, increase support for key tasks such as technology transfer institutions and information sharing service platform construction, and form a diversified investment pattern combining financial funds and social capital.

　　(twenty-two) to carry out supervision and evaluation.

　　Strengthen the supervision and evaluation of the implementation of this plan, establish a monitoring, supervision and evaluation mechanism, organize regular supervision and inspection, carry out third-party evaluation, grasp the completion of objectives and tasks, and find and solve problems in time. Strengthen publicity and policy interpretation, and summarize and popularize typical experiences and practices in a timely manner.

Focusing on the most concerned and prominent problems of private market players, recently, the General Office of the Provincial Party Committee and the General Office of the Provincial Government issued three documents: Action Plan for Improving the Development Environment of Private Economy in Sichuan Province, Several Measures for Promoting the Development and Growth of Private Enterprises, and Several Measures for Further Promoting the Development of Individual Industrial and Commercial Households, and played a "1+2" policy "combination boxing" to promote the development of private economy, helping the vast number of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households to strengthen their confidence, regain their vitality and increase their vitality.

On July 6th, the Information Office of the provincial government held the second press conference on the theme of "High-quality development of private economy"-"Improving the environment to promote development" to interpret the background, main contents and characteristic highlights of the "1+2" policy to promote the development of private economy.

Why is it introduced?

Starting from the two dimensions of the government and market players, ensure the policy of "precise drip irrigation"

It is of great significance to promote the healthy and high-quality development of the private economy. Private economy holds up half of the province’s economy, contributing more than 50% of GDP, more than 50% of tax revenue, more than 90% of urban employment and more than 90% of enterprises.

However, the insufficient development of private economy is still a prominent shortcoming in our province. Dong Ruojie, chief economist of the Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, said at the meeting that since the beginning of this year, the private economy in our province has achieved recovery growth, but the development of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households still faces some difficulties and problems. In this regard, the provincial party Committee and the provincial government attach great importance to it, and hold special meetings for many times to study, and clearly formulate policies and measures with gold content to effectively help the vast number of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households to solve problems.

"This time, we designed the’ 1+2′ policy system from two dimensions: the government and the market players." Dong Ruojie introduced that "1" is an Action Plan for Improving the Development Environment of Private Economy in Sichuan Province (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan), and "2" is two policy measures to promote the development of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households.

Specifically, each of the three documents has its own emphasis. Dong Ruojie introduced that the Action Plan mainly focuses on giving full play to the role of the government and further improving the quality and efficiency of the government’s services, including five special actions. The two supporting policies mainly focus on stimulating the endogenous motivation of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households, and help them solve problems, increase confidence and seek development through "real money and silver" policy support.

In addition, the "1+2" policy system embodies the characteristics of systematicness, accuracy and innovation. "The Action Plan is formulated separately from the policy of benefiting enterprises and helping enterprises, which enhances the systematicness and coordination of policies." Dong Ruojie introduced that the two supporting policies are classified and implemented to ensure the policy of "precise drip irrigation".

The data shows that by the end of June, there were 8,706,200 market players in our province, including 8,473,900 private market players, accounting for 97.33%. Among the private market players, there are 2,325,300 private enterprises, accounting for 27.44%, and 6,041,500 individual industrial and commercial households, accounting for 71.3%.

"The number of private enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households is relatively large, and the difficulties, problems and policy needs they face are very different. Therefore, the introduction of policy measures for different subjects can better meet different needs." Dong Ruojie said.

The policy also highlights the problem orientation. Peng Liang, a special researcher at Sichuan Institute of Private Economy and a professor at Sichuan Normal University, noted that the five special actions in the Action Plan are all about the problems that need to be solved urgently to improve the current development environment, which is conducive to breaking the key sticking point that restricts the development environment of private economy.

Does it work?

Aiming at the pain points and difficulties of enterprises, many policies are innovative.

After the release of the policy, many private entrepreneurs and business association leaders noticed that this set of policy "combination boxing" has high gold content.

"The policy responded to the expectations of enterprises and directly hit the pain points and difficulties of enterprise development." Jun Tang, Executive Secretary of Sichuan Chamber of Commerce, gave an example. For example, the Action Plan mentioned the comprehensive implementation of inclusive and prudent supervision and joint law enforcement of "comprehensive inspection once", and specifically mentioned that except for matters that must be inspected, such as safety bottom line supervision, market participants made business commitments, and in principle, they would not be inspected unless they reported complaints. Such a policy just responds to the voice of enterprises, "I hope the government will trust us more."

There are also bright spots in encouraging innovation. The "Several Measures for Promoting the Development and Growth of Private Enterprises" proposes to raise the subsidy standard on the existing basis for private enterprises to take the lead in undertaking major national science and technology projects, incremental investment in research and development, and investment in basic research, and increase support for the first set of products of private enterprises.

"We have visited a large number of small and medium-sized scientific and technological innovation enterprises. Many enterprises have suggested that due to limited R&D capabilities, enterprises cannot undertake major national scientific and technological projects and key R&D plans, but they have undertaken many scientific and technological innovation projects, hoping to include these scientific and technological innovation projects in the scope of support." Jun Tang said that the New Deal clearly stated that "private enterprises undertaking the 2030 project of scientific and technological innovation (subject) will be given inclined support by provincial-level scientific and technological planning projects according to regulations".

In terms of supporting financing, it is proposed to reduce the average guarantee rate of small and micro enterprises and "three rural" entities to below 1%, and promote special credit products such as "tax-electricity index loan".

"Not long ago, the Department of Finance, the Department of Economic and Information Technology and other departments jointly issued a notice, further requiring government financing guarantee institutions to reduce the average rate of new small, micro and’ three rural’ businesses to less than 1% in 2023, and the balance under guarantee at the end of the year will increase by no less than 10% year-on-year." Li Wenli, the second-level inspector of the Department of Economics and Information Technology, said that our province will effectively guide government financing guarantee institutions to focus on small and micro enterprises and the main bodies of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and reduce financing costs.

These innovative policies can not be separated from a large number of research and demonstration work in the early stage. "The’ 1+2′ policy system not only fully draws on the experience and practices outside the province, but also combines the reality of our province and strives to be pragmatic and effective." Dong ruojie said.

How to implement it?

Promote the direct enjoyment of policies and improve the convenience of policy fulfillment.

After the introduction of the policy, how to implement it is a common concern of private market participants.

"The first is to promote the direct enjoyment of policies." Dong Ruojie introduced that relying on the comprehensive service platform of private economy in Sichuan Province and the "Business Link" APP on the mobile phone, information services such as policy interpretation, online declaration, market distribution, laws and regulations, financial support, etc. are provided for individual industrial and commercial households. Users can scan the QR code to browse the policies issued by various departments in provinces, cities and counties, click on "Policy Interpretation" and "Service Guide" to gain a deep understanding of the policy content and reporting procedures, and can provide policy consultation online and enjoy manual or intelligent "reporting".

At the same time, in view of the tax, social security, loans and other issues that private market players are most concerned about in production and operation, our province has formed a simple and easy-to-read "policy understanding card", which makes the policy easy to understand and understand at a glance by means of "making a long story short and seeing a picture clearly".

In promoting the effectiveness of financial policies, our province will focus on five aspects. Huang Quanxiang, deputy governor of Chengdu Branch of the People’s Bank of China, said that the next step will be to give full play to the role of financial support by conducting and publicizing financial policies to help enterprises bail out, promoting the productization of financial policies and the popularization of product cases, deepening the special action of "zero-distance financing for private small and micro enterprises", deepening the special action of financial services for individual industrial and commercial households "lending small businesses to serve people’s livelihood" and doing a good job in monitoring and evaluating policy effects.

In addition, our province will also improve the convenience of policy fulfillment. "This year, we launched 94 convenient tax payment service measures around six aspects: improving the quality of appeal response, speeding up the implementation of policies, upgrading key services, conveniently handling quality improvement, and standardizing law enforcement." Bai Bing, spokesperson and chief economist of Sichuan Provincial Taxation Bureau, introduced that in July this year, our province researched and launched the first list of tax and fee services in the province, including 73 services such as tax declaration, information reporting and international tax business handling. For example, taxpayers in Sichuan Province have to issue tax payment certificates. If they want to go offline from the entity tax service office, they can only go to the tax service office of the competent tax authority before the "different office", but now they can go to any comprehensive tax service office in the province.

"The policies of the private economy involve multiple departments. In the past, various departments were’ compartmentalized’ in policy formulation, which was not conducive to the superposition effect of policies." Peng Liang said that the New Deal proposed to carry out "one-stop" handling of policy redemption by setting up a special window for centralized policy redemption, so as to realize "comprehensive investigation and one-time handling" of the policy of benefiting enterprises; It will greatly reduce the difficulty for private enterprises to honor their policies by implementing the "policy calculator for benefiting enterprises" and realizing free application and quick enjoyment. (Reporter Shi Xiaolu Kou Minfang Lan Zhen)

    On December 23rd, the 7th meeting of the 13th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) heard the explanation of the draft amendment to the Patent Law made by Shen Changyu, director of China National Intellectual Property Administration, entrusted by the State Council.

    Shen Changyu introduced that China’s current patent law was implemented in 1985 and was amended three times in 1992, 2000 and 2008, which played an important role in encouraging and protecting inventions and promoting scientific and technological progress and innovation. With the development of the situation, there are some new situations and problems in the patent field, so it is necessary to amend the current patent law.

    The draft increases the compensation for patent infringement. Provisions: for intentional infringement of patent rights, if the circumstances are serious, the amount of compensation can be determined within one to five times the amount calculated according to the losses suffered by the obligee, the benefits obtained by the infringer or the multiple of the patent license fee; It will also increase the amount of compensation that the court can determine at its discretion when it is difficult to calculate the amount of compensation from 10,000 yuan to 1 million yuan as stipulated in the current patent law to 100,000 yuan to 5 million yuan. The draft also improved the patent administrative law enforcement. Provisions are added: the patent administrative department of the State Council can handle patent infringement disputes with great influence in the whole country at the request of the patentee or interested party; The department in charge of patent affairs shall handle patent infringement disputes at the request of the patentee or interested party, and may deal with cases of infringement of the same patent right within its own administrative region in a consolidated manner; cases of cross-regional infringement of the same patent right may be requested to be handled by the department in charge of patent affairs of the people’s government at a higher level.

    In strengthening the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of patentees, the draft also improves the burden of proof. Additional provisions: in order to determine the amount of compensation, the people’s court may order the infringer to provide the account books and materials related to the infringement when the obligee has tried his best to provide evidence and the account books and materials related to the infringement are mainly in the hands of the infringer. If the infringer fails to provide or provides false account books and materials, the people’s court may refer to the obligee’s claim and the evidence provided to determine the amount of compensation. In addition, the draft also clarifies the joint liability of network service providers for network infringement. Provisions are added: the patentee or interested party may notify the Internet service provider to take necessary measures such as deleting, shielding and disconnecting the infringing product link according to the effective judgment, ruling or conciliation statement of the people’s court, or the decision made by the administrative department for patent affairs. If the Internet service provider fails to take necessary measures in time, it shall bear joint liability.

    Shen Changyu introduced that in order to promote the implementation and application of patents, the draft also clarified the unit’s right to dispose of service inventions and creations, and added provisions: the unit’s right to apply for patents and patents for service inventions and creations can be disposed of according to law, property rights incentives can be implemented, and equity, options and dividends can be adopted, so that inventors or designers can share the innovation benefits reasonably and promote the implementation and application of related inventions and creations. In order to meet the needs of China’s accession to The Hague Agreement on the protection of design, the draft will extend the protection period of the patent right of design from 10 years stipulated in the current patent law to 15 years. (Reporter Xu Wei)

Articles 18-20 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Provisions on Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (II) (hereinafter referred to as Interpretation II of the Company Law) adopt liquidation responsibility, liquidation responsibility and joint and several liquidation responsibility for the liquidation (non-bankruptcy liquidation only) of companies (only limited liability companies).

This paper only discusses the type of joint and several liability of liquidation obligor stipulated in the second paragraph of Article 18 of Interpretation II of Company Law, which belongs to the category of liquidation liability. A certain consensus has been reached on the subject scope of liquidation obligor, whether the statute of limitations is applicable, the legal basis of liability and the type of liability. The author uses the key words "disputes over the liability of shareholders for damaging the interests of creditors of the company" and "Article 18, paragraph 2 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Provisions on the Application of the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (II)", and searches in No Litigation and China Judgment Document Network, with a total of 948 cases; Then the keyword "limitation of action" was used to search in the above results, with a total of 138 cases; Then the keyword "beyond the limitation of action" was searched in the results, and there were 103 cases. It is found that the focus of disputes involving shareholders’ joint and several liability in practice is mainly whether the creditor claims that shareholders bear joint and several liability exceeds the limitation of action; The core of judging whether the limitation of action is exceeded is to determine the starting point of the limitation of action.

Regrettably, courts at all levels have different opinions on the starting point of determining the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company, and it is not uncommon for courts to pass different judgments on similar cases. The root of this phenomenon is that the starting point of our legislation during the limitation of action is a principled provision, which adopts subjective standards, that is, counting from the day when the right holder knows or should know that the right has been damaged and the obligor lacks uniform applicable rules in practice. This paper aims to provide a solution for China’s Company Law to solve this problem, taking into account the balance of shareholders’ limited liability, independent personality of the company and creditors’ interests, exploring the "general+typology" identification standard of shareholders’ joint and several liability, and exerting the power of typology. In the field of non-performing assets, shareholders of a company often fail to perform or improperly perform liquidation obligations, which seriously damages creditors’ rights and interests to recover creditor’s rights, and frequently leads to disputes over shareholders’ joint and several liability for liquidation when the company cannot be liquidated. It is helpful to study the typology of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability for liquidation of shareholders of a company.

First, empirical research: "different judgments on similar cases" in the case law.

After searching the court cases at all levels, when determining the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company, "different judgments on similar cases" are common and have different reasons. What is more serious is that the same court and the same presiding judge have two completely different judgments on similar cases in a short period of time.

In the first category, some courts hold that the limitation period of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company should be counted from the date of promulgation of Interpretation II of the Company Law, that is, May 19, 2008. The reason is: regarding the tort civil liability caused by the liquidation obligor’s delay in performing his obligations, the Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (II), which came into effect on May 19, 2008, has been clarified, and the company’s creditors can claim the civil liability from the shareholders because of their delay in liquidation obligations. At this time, the applicant, as the company’s creditor, has the right to request the company’s shareholders to bear the corresponding civil liability. Therefore, his right to claim is from 2000.

Secondly, some courts hold that the limitation period of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company should be counted from 15 days after the date of knowing that the company has been revoked. The reason is that the Company Law stipulates that a liquidation group shall be established within 15 days from the date when the company is revoked. If the liquidation group is not established within the time limit, the creditor has the right to apply to the court to appoint a person to set up the liquidation group. The creditor should know that the shareholders are lazy in performing the liquidation obligations, so the limitation period of action should be counted from 15 days after the date when the company is revoked.

Third, some courts hold that if a creditor makes an order to terminate the compulsory liquidation after applying for compulsory liquidation by the court, the creditor should know the fact that the debtor company cannot be liquidated at this time, so the limitation period of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of the company should be counted from the date when the court makes an order to terminate the compulsory liquidation.

Fourth, some courts hold that there is no statute of limitations for creditors to claim joint and several liability to shareholders according to Article 18, paragraph 2 of Interpretation II of the Company Law, when they cannot know the fact that the debtor’s company can’t be liquidated, that is, whether it can be liquidated is uncertain and the right of claim has not been established.

Fifth, some courts hold that the fact that creditors know or should know that the company’s shareholders are slow to perform liquidation obligations, resulting in the loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc., and it is impossible to carry out liquidation should be borne by shareholders. If shareholders cannot prove that creditors know or should know, they should bear the consequences of failing to prove, that is, if shareholders cannot prove, there will be no problem of exceeding the limitation of action.

Sixth, some courts hold that the creditor knows or should know that the company’s rights and interests have been damaged due to shareholders’ laziness in liquidation when the court makes a ruling to terminate execution or terminate this execution ruling or terminate bankruptcy proceedings, and can’t prove that it can’t be liquidated, so the limitation period for creditors to claim their rights is calculated from the time when the court makes a ruling to terminate execution or terminate this execution ruling or terminate bankruptcy proceedings.

Undoubtedly, although there are different arguments and judgments in local courts, most of them emphasize that the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company should start from the fact that creditors know or should know that shareholders of the company are slow to perform liquidation obligations, resulting in the loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc., and the fact that liquidation cannot be carried out should occur before or at the same time as the starting point. The main reason for different judgments lies in the fact that the creditor knows or should know that the shareholders who have happened or happened immediately are lazy in liquidation and unable to liquidate, and some courts will make inaccurate judgments because of different understandings of the "facts" that they know or should know.

After searching, the author found that the court showed the following trends in the trial: First, if the creditor has applied for compulsory liquidation of the debtor company, and the court has made a ruling on the termination of compulsory liquidation for reasons that cannot be liquidated, the court tends to take the time when making a ruling on the termination of compulsory liquidation as the starting point when trying the creditor’s claim for joint and several liability to shareholders; Second, the court pays more attention to the fact that creditors know and should know. Third, in view of the burden of proof of facts that creditors know or should know, the court has adopted the phenomenon of inversion of burden of proof. It should be pointed out that the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company should start from the fact that creditors know or should know that shareholders of the company are slow to perform liquidation obligations, resulting in the loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc., and it is impossible to carry out liquidation. However, judges have greater discretion as to what facts can be determined that creditors know or should know, without clear legal provisions. In order to solve the creditor’s relief dilemma, correct the alienation of judgment, curb the abuse of discretion and safeguard the court’s judgment authority, it is necessary to make efforts to unify the judgment rules, enhance the practicality and explore the types of starting points.

Second, the innovation of judicial ideas: from creditor protectionism to interest balance

The system of limitation of action should carry out purposeful value judgment, and the existence of the system of limitation of action revolves around the conflicts of several value interests. If we want to pursue justice, we should build on the balance of various value goals and balance and coordinate the interests of all parties in order to resolve their ethical conflicts. The litigation system aims to maintain the balance of multiple values such as creditors, debtors and social order.

Specific to the design of the starting point of the limitation of action for the joint and several liability of shareholders of a company, it is not only to protect the interests of creditors, but also to implement the multiple values of balancing the limited liability of shareholders, the independent personality of legal persons, the interests of creditors and social order. The existing principle of starting the limitation period of action adopts the subjective standard of the creditor, which is based on the fact that the creditor knows or should know, and is not affected by the actual occurrence time of the infringing fact. However, when the maximum limitation period of action is 20 years, it is based on the starting time of the infringing fact, which is actually safeguarding the balance of interests of all parties. To implement the multiple values such as balancing the limited liability of shareholders, the independent personality of legal persons, the interests of creditors and social order, we should respect the principle of starting from the limitation period, and also type the starting point to mediate the value conflict. Typing the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company is undoubtedly the response to implementing the purposeful value judgment. In other words, the court should carry out the judgment to balance the limited liability of shareholders, the independent personality of legal persons, the interests of creditors and the social order, and avoid neglecting the interests of one party.

Third, suggestions for improvement: the standard of "general+typology" for determining the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company.

Any construction of the statute of limitations system from the perspective of protecting creditors, debtors or social interests fails to accurately implement the multi-value purpose of the statute of limitations to balance the interests of all parties, and so does the starting point of the statute of limitations for joint and several liability of shareholders of the company. Typing the starting point can effectively solve practical problems. China is a written law country, and court decisions are based on the law, which needs to be determined and embodied by the legislature through amending the Company Law or the relevant judicial interpretation issued by the Supreme People’s Court.

(a) the "general rules" of the starting point of the limitation of action for the joint and several liability of shareholders of the company

China’s General Principles of Civil Law stipulates that the starting point of the limitation period of ordinary litigation is "from the time when you know or should know that your rights have been infringed", and at the same time, it limits the maximum limitation period of 20 years to "from the date when your rights have been infringed". The current "General Principles of Civil Law" has revised the system of limitation of action, and Article 188 stipulates that the starting point of the limitation period of ordinary action is "from the day when the obligee knows or should know that the right has been damaged and the obligor. If there are other provisions in the law, it shall be in accordance with its provisions ",that is, on the basis of the original provisions, the words" know or should know the obligor "and" if there are other provisions in the law, it shall be in accordance with its provisions "are added. Its legislative purpose is to strengthen the protection of creditors and embody the spirit of the principle of being able to exercise; On the other hand, it shows that the law considers the special situation in the real society.

The "general rule" structure of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company is the concrete application result of the starting point of the limitation of action in the General Principles of Civil Law. Combined with Interpretation II of the Company Law and the Supreme People’s Court No.2 People’s Court’s Reply on Asking for Instructions on the Limitation of Action for Creditors’ Claims on Shareholders’ Liability for Liquidation Compensation (2014) Miner Zi No.16, the limitation of action for shareholders’ joint and several liability for liquidation of a company should start from the date when creditors know or should know that shareholders are slow to liquidate, the company’s main property, account books and important documents are lost, and liquidation obligations cannot be carried out. This is the "general rule" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of the company.

(2) "Typed rules" for the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of the company.

Considering that the law stipulates that the liquidation obligations of a limited liability company are all shareholders (including actual controllers), a consensus has been reached in practice. Although some scholars in the academic field believe that the subject scope of liquidation obligor should be defined as the company’s directors and controlling shareholders according to the standard of "having a dominant influence on the company’s management", there is still room for application until it is clearly stipulated by law. Because the shareholders of the company publicize it to the outside world, creditors can inquire at any time, and the time when creditors know or should know should be regarded as the day when the rights are infringed. Therefore, the fact that creditors know or should know the "liquidation obligor" is unique and there is no typology problem. Therefore, this paper only focuses on the typology of three starting points, namely, the creditors know or should know that shareholders are lazy in liquidation, the company’s main property, account books and important documents are lost, and liquidation cannot be carried out. It should be noted that the starting point of the limitation period for shareholders of a company to bear joint and several liabilities for liquidation is not the starting point of any fact that creditors know or should know about "shareholders are lazy in liquidation", "the company’s main property, account books and important documents are lost" and "liquidation obligor cannot be liquidated", but as a whole, creditors know or should know about "shareholders are lazy in liquidation" and "the company’s main property and account books".

1. The creditor knows or should know the "typology rule" of the starting point of "shareholders’ delay in liquidation"

According to Article 181 of the Company Law, there are five reasons for the dissolution of the company, namely: (1) the business term stipulated in the articles of association expires or other reasons for dissolution stipulated in the articles of association appear; (2) The shareholders’ meeting or the shareholders’ meeting decides to dissolve; (3) The company needs to be dissolved due to merger or division; (4) Its business license has been revoked, ordered to close down or revoked according to law; (5) The people’s court shall dissolve it in accordance with the provisions of Article 183 of this Law. Where the company is dissolved in accordance with the provisions of items (1), (2), (4) and (5), a liquidation group shall be established within 15 days from the date of the occurrence of the reasons for dissolution according to Article 184 of the Company Law, and the liquidation obligations shall be fulfilled.

Based on the different reasons for the dissolution of the company, creditors know or should know that the starting point of "shareholders’ delay in liquidation" is different. Generally speaking, it can be classified into the following types: First, if the company is revoked, ordered to close down or cancelled according to law, the liquidation group will not be established for a long time, and creditors know or should know that the starting point of "shareholders’ delay in liquidation" should start from 15 days after the company’s business license is revoked, ordered to close down or cancelled. Because the company’s business license is revoked, ordered to close down or revoked according to law, it should be publicized to the public, and creditors can inquire through public channels, and they cannot plead ignorance. Second, if the company’s business license is revoked, it is ordered to close down or be cancelled according to law, a liquidation group shall be organized within a certain period of time, but there are other behaviors (such as the obligation to properly keep the company’s property, account books and important documents), or it belongs to the first, second and fifth cases. As all the above situations are internal factors, the creditor, as a third party, has no way of knowing. Generally speaking, there is no problem of exceeding the limitation of action. If the creditor has filed a lawsuit in accordance with Article 18, paragraph 2 of Interpretation II of the Company Law and then withdraws the lawsuit, it shall be counted from the date when the court makes a ruling to allow the withdrawal of the lawsuit; If the shareholder has sufficient evidence to prove that the creditor knows that the shareholder has the obligation to be lazy in liquidation, it shall be counted from the date when the creditor actually knows that the shareholder is lazy in liquidation. Some scholars have pointed out that China can build a commercial registration system for company dissolution and liquidation, break the information barrier between shareholders and creditors, and realize information symmetry.For example, Germany, Japan and other countries outside the country stipulate that after the dissolution of a company, it should declare commercial registration to a specific institution within a certain period of time.

2. The creditor knows or should know the "typology rules" of the starting point of "loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc."

The loss of the company’s main property, account books and important documents is also an internal matter of the company, and creditors have no way to know it under normal circumstances, but there are also the following special circumstances. First, there has been a lawsuit dispute between the creditor and the debtor company or the debtor company has entered bankruptcy proceedings. If the court makes a final execution ruling or terminates this execution ruling or bankruptcy proceedings based on the loss of the company’s main property, the creditor knows or should know that the company may have lost its main property, account books, important documents, etc. due to shareholders’ laziness in liquidation, so the limitation period for creditors to claim their rights is counted from the date when the court makes a final execution ruling or terminates this execution ruling or terminates bankruptcy proceedings. Second, if the shareholders have evidence to prove that the creditors have actually known the loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc., if the shareholders have informed the creditors by written letter that they can’t repay their debts due to the loss of the company’s property, the fact that the creditors know or should know that "the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc." is counted from the date of the shareholders’ actual proof.

3. The creditor knows or should know the "typology rule" of the starting point of "unable to liquidate"

In practice, there are six main criteria for the court to determine that a company can’t be liquidated: First, it can’t provide any property, account books and important documents; Second, account books and important documents are untrue and incomplete; Third, the whereabouts of company personnel, account books and important documents are unknown; Fourth, the property is not enough to pay the liquidation expenses; The fifth is the loss of main property; Sixth, it is cancelled without liquidation. The company’s "inability to liquidate" essentially involves accounting and auditing issues. Unless an authoritative department or institution issues a conclusive document on the company’s "inability to liquidate", creditors will not know. Theoretically, there is controversy about the subject of the company’s "inability to liquidate". Some people think that the subject of the company’s "inability to liquidate" should be comprehensively judged by the court in combination with auditing and other relevant units; Some people believe that the determination of the company’s "inability to liquidate" is a professional issue, and the liquidation audit report issued by the audit and accounting shall prevail. At this point, the starting point for creditors to know or should know that "liquidation is impossible" can be classified as follows. First, the creditors or shareholders have applied to the court for compulsory liquidation of the company, and the court has made a ruling to terminate the compulsory liquidation on the grounds that it is impossible to liquidate. Except that the shareholders can prove that the creditors have known that the company has been unable to liquidate due to the loss of the company’s main property, account books and important documents, the creditors know or should know that the starting point of "unable to liquidate" should be counted from the day after the ruling takes effect. Second, creditors or shareholders have not applied to the court for compulsory liquidation of the company, but the liquidation team has hired a professional accounting firm to conduct liquidation audit of the company.If the liquidation audit report issued by an accounting firm concludes that it is impossible to liquidate, and the liquidation team has notified the known creditors in writing and published it in influential newspapers at the national or provincial level according to the size and business area of the company (refer to Article 21 of Interpretation II of the Company Law), it shall be deemed that the creditors know or should know the fact that the company is "unable to liquidate". Third, if the liquidation team has hired a professional accounting firm to conduct liquidation audit on the company, but it has not notified the creditors of the liquidation audit report by referring to the provisions of Article 21 of Interpretation II of the Company Law, or there are no cases in the first and second categories, except that shareholders can prove that the creditors know that the company has been unable to liquidate due to the loss of the company’s main property, account books, important documents, etc., the rights of creditors in accordance with Article 18, paragraph 2 of Interpretation II of the Company Law generally do not exist beyond litigation. If the creditor has filed a lawsuit in accordance with Article 18, paragraph 2, of Interpretation II of the Company Law and then withdraws the lawsuit, it shall be counted from the date when the court makes a ruling to allow the withdrawal of the lawsuit.

(3) the applicable relationship between the "general rules" and "typological rules" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of the company.

The standard of "general+typology" is adopted as the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders, in order to reconcile the value conflicts of creditors, shareholders’ priority responsibility and social order. Among them, the "general rules" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company take the creditor’s rights as the standard, aiming at protecting the creditor’s rights and urging shareholders to actively perform liquidation obligations. The "typological rule" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company aims to standardize the judgment rules, avoid the alienation of court judgment, and urge creditors to actively exercise their rights, properly protect shareholders’ limited liability, and maintain social order and investment enthusiasm. The "general rules" and "typological rules" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company are not contradictory. The former has principles, guidance, explanation and supplementary functions, while the latter is the concretization of the former, which legalizes some common typical situations. Of course, typology is not a simple enumeration, but also an abstraction and generalization of a kind of behavior in practice, but its abstraction can be almost ignored compared with general provisions. Therefore, the "general rules" and "typed rules" of the starting point of the limitation of action for joint and several liability of shareholders of a company should be integrated to ensure the universality, stability and predictability of the application of legal provisions.

(The author Bing Wang is the executive director of Guangdong Fasheng Law Firm, and Yuan Jianyang is an intern lawyer of Guangdong Fasheng Law Firm.)

　　What is the progress of China’s credit information system construction in recent years? The People’s Bank of China published a column for authoritative interpretation. The column pointed out that in recent years, the People’s Bank of China has followed the principles of rule of law, marketization and science and technology, and made positive progress in promoting the construction of credit information system.

　　Adhere to the orientation of central bank’s basic credit information service and continuously improve service quality and efficiency

　　The column pointed out that the basic database of financial credit information built and operated by the Credit Information Center of the People’s Bank of China has become the most populous credit information collection system in the world. Inquiring about credit reports has become a necessary link for financial institutions to carry out credit business and risk prevention and control, which provides strong support for the sound development of financial services to the real economy. By the end of September, 2023, the basic database of financial credit information had included 1.164 billion information of natural persons and 127 million information of enterprises and other organizations, and multiple inquiry channels such as artificial window, self-service inquiry machine and online inquiry had been built. In September, the average daily query volume was about 14 million times.

　　The Credit Information Center of the People’s Bank of China has continuously expanded its service system to help enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, develop their financing. We continued to improve the accounts receivable financing service platform. By the end of September 2023, the platform had contributed to 470,000 financing transactions with an amount of 20.1 trillion yuan, including 384,000 financing transactions with an amount of 15.7 trillion yuan for small and medium-sized enterprises. We will continue to improve the unified registration and publicity system for movable property financing and provide nationwide movable property financing registration and inquiry services. By the end of September 2023, the system had handled 28.569 million movable property financing registrations and provided 180 million inquiries.

　　Vigorously develop the multi-level credit information market and widely cover the social credit information needs.

　　The column pointed out that the People’s Bank of China adheres to the "government+market" two-wheel drive, and cultivates the credit information market to meet social needs in all directions and at multiple levels.

　　First, actively and steadily develop personal credit reporting agencies. In 2018 and 2020, individual credit agencies Baixing Credit Information Co., Ltd. and Park Dao Credit Information Co., Ltd. were approved, and the two institutions were established in 2023. In September, 28.2 billion credit information services were provided to realize the sharing and application of personal non-credit alternative data. The second is to guide enterprise credit reporting agencies to improve service quality and efficiency. 149 credit reporting agencies for enterprises on record integrate information such as enterprise registration, production and operation, contract performance, and provide products such as credit report, credit score, anti-fraud, joint modeling, decision support, etc., in 2023 1-mdash; In September, 16.4 billion credit information services were provided. The third is to deepen the construction of local credit information platform. Promote the establishment of 30 provincial-level local credit information platforms nationwide, connecting 2,502 local government departments, public utilities and other data source units. 1-mdash in 2023; In September, local credit information platforms helped 1,527,900 enterprises to obtain loans of 5.5 trillion yuan.

　　Actively promote the development of credit rating market and enhance the comprehensive strength and international influence of China’s rating agencies.

　　The column pointed out that the rating system is an important arrangement in the financial market. The People’s Bank of China promotes the development of rating market with institutional management as the core, and constantly enhances the comprehensive strength and international influence of China’s rating agencies.

　　The first is to optimize the credit rating market structure. There are 52 rating agencies for record in China, and a market structure in which various forms of ownership coexist has basically taken shape. 1-mdash in 2023; In September, it provided 17,000 bond market rating and credit market rating services. The second is to steadily promote the opening up of credit ratings. Standard & Poor’s Global Rating Company and Fitch Ratings Co., Ltd. entered the China market in the form of sole proprietorship, while Moody’s Investors Service Company exhibited its business in the form of joint venture. Third, the internationalization process of local rating agencies has achieved initial results, international cooperation and exchanges in rating have become increasingly frequent, and overseas rating business has been continuously expanded. New breakthroughs have been made in overseas regulatory accreditation of local rating agencies. Five rating agencies have won seats in the BRICS Business Council, four rating agencies have joined the Asian Credit Rating Association, and three rating agencies have become members of the International Capital Market Association.

　　Strengthen the supervision of credit reporting in an all-round way and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of information subjects

　　The column pointed out that protecting the legitimate rights and interests of information subjects is the cornerstone of credit reporting work, and it is also an important goal for the People’s Bank of China to carry out credit reporting supervision.

　　The first is to form a legal system of credit information with regulations as the guide and regulations as the main body. In January 2013, after the State Council promulgated the Regulations on the Administration of Credit Information Industry, the People’s Bank of China issued a series of regulations, such as the Measures for the Administration of Credit Information Institutions, the Measures for the Administration of Credit Information Business and the Interim Measures for the Administration of Credit Rating Industry, which provided legal protection for the healthy development of the credit information industry. Second, strict supervision in an all-round way and continuous improvement of the governance system of the credit reporting industry. Strengthen the on-site inspection of access institutions, credit reporting institutions and rating agencies of the basic database of financial credit information; Improve the off-site supervision framework, improve the timeliness, effectiveness and pertinence of supervision, and significantly improve the operational compliance of various institutions. The third is to strengthen the publicity of credit information, relying on the "3.15" Consumer Rights Protection Day, "6.14" Credit Records Care Day and other nodes to continue to carry out credit information popularization activities, and successively set up columns such as "the 10th anniversary of the promulgation of the Regulations on the Administration of Credit Information Industry" and "a new journey of ten years of credit information" to popularize credit information, enhance social credit awareness and promote the concept of honesty and trustworthiness to be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Revise and improve the "Procedures for Handling Credit Complaints", handle the rights and interests of the masses in accordance with the law and regulations, and effectively protect the rights and interests of the masses.

　　Promote the high-quality development of the credit information industry

　　The column pointed out that in the next step, the People’s Bank of China will adhere to the service tenet of credit reporting for the people, firmly anchor the goal of serving the real economy and preventing financial risks, constantly improve the credit reporting system covering the whole society, and enhance the supply capacity and operational quality and efficiency of the credit reporting system.

　　First, continuously improve the multi-level credit information system and optimize the market layout. Adhere to the two-wheel drive direction of "government+market" and promote the construction of basic credit information and market-oriented credit information system of the central bank. Continuously improve the basic database of financial credit information, continuously expand the types of credit information, enrich service channels, and consolidate the status of the central bank’s basic credit information service; Deepen the construction of accounts receivable financing service platform and unified registration and publicity system for movable property financing, and help the virtuous circle of industrial chain supply chain. Based on market demand and guided by releasing the vitality of data elements, we will promote the development and growth of credit reporting institutions and provide diversified credit reporting products and services. Further promote the construction of local credit information platform, further optimize the system and mechanism of credit information sharing and application in local government affairs and public utilities, and enhance the ability of sustainable development.

　　The second is to continuously enhance the strength of rating agencies and enhance their international competitiveness. Support powerful financial technology forces to enter the rating market, encourage stock institutions to integrate and grow, enhance market strength and improve the overall quality of the industry. Create a healthy and orderly rating ecological environment and enhance the independence and credibility of rating agencies. Encourage rating agencies to "go global", expand overseas rating markets, and enhance international competitiveness and international influence.

　　The third is to promote social credit legislation and promote the high-quality development of the credit information industry with strict supervision. Deepen the top-level design of social credit system and credit information system construction in social credit legislation, improve credit information market access conditions and business rules, and promote the modernization of credit information industry governance capacity. We will strictly strengthen the supervision of credit information in an all-round way, improve the supervision system and standards, enrich the means of supervision, improve the efficiency of supervision, build a dam for information security, effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people, and make every effort to promote the healthy development of the credit information market.

　　(CCTV reporter Dong Bin)

　　On the evening of March 7th, the General Office of the State Council issued "Opinions on Further Optimizing Payment Services and Improving Payment Convenience" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"). The Opinions require that according to the payment habits of different groups, efforts should be made to bridge the digital divide, and efforts should be made to improve the multi-level and diversified payment service system, so as to provide better, efficient and convenient payment services for the elderly, foreigners coming to China and other groups.

　　After the "Opinions" were released, UnionPay, Alipay and Tenpay successively issued announcements and issued relevant specific measures.

　　UnionPay: It is planned to invest 3 billion yuan to drive all parties in the industry to optimize payment services.

　　China UnionPay said that it will comprehensively and thoroughly implement the requirements of the Opinions, focus on blocking the pain points and difficulties, and take "Jinxiu Action 2024" as the starting point to promote substantial optimization and improvement of payment services as soon as possible.

　　In view of the difficulties and difficulties in using mobile payment, such as the inconvenience of swiping cards and not receiving payment in China, the elderly and foreigners in China, UnionPay will jointly launch "Splendid Action 2024" with the core of "30+X", where "30" means that UnionPay takes the lead in investing 3 billion yuan, and "X" means to leverage the funds of UnionPay to incite all parties in the industry to jointly invest resources. "Splendid Action 2024" will cover the whole year of 2024 and continue until 2025. The goal is to create a "global, full-scenario, full-solution", covering 26 high-frequency payment scenarios in 8 categories, including "food, housing, transportation, travel, shopping, entertainment, medicine and learning", as well as credit card, code scanning and mobile phone payment.

　　At the same time, under the guidance of the People’s Bank of China, UnionPay will accelerate the interconnection of bar code payment and realize barrier-free acceptance of various payment tools. Accelerate the two-way opening of the network between UnionPay and other bank card organizations, and coordinate with clearing institutions in terms of rules and standards.

　　In addition, UnionPay will focus on strengthening communication with local transportation departments, speeding up the settlement of the problems that the subway and taxi industries do not support the acceptance of non-payment of bank cards, optimizing the design of travel card products, making UnionPay, banks and other payment products universal and easy to use in various scenarios, and constantly improving the payment experience of various groups such as the elderly and foreigners coming to China.

　　Alipay: Solidly promote the optimization of payment services and continuously improve the convenience of payment.

　　Alipay said that it is solidly promoting the implementation of various measures to continuously optimize payment services for the elderly and foreigners coming to China. Among them, the promotion and optimization of the trading limit for foreigners have been completed, with the single trading limit raised from $1,000 to $5,000 and the annual trading limit raised from $10,000 to $50,000. New services such as multilingual translation, overseas wallet ride code "One Code Pass" will be launched one after another.

　　Tenpay: Take measures to improve the convenience of payment for the elderly and foreigners coming to China.

　　Tenpay said that with the support and guidance of the People’s Bank of China and the foreign exchange bureau, Tenpay has implemented a number of measures around "aging and upgrading". Under the direction of the Opinions, Tenpay will continue to improve the payment service experience based on its financial technology capabilities, create a temperature-sensitive payment service environment for the elderly, and further facilitate the work and residence of foreign nationals in China.

　　In terms of facilitating the payment of foreign nationals in China, simplification measures have continued to land. Under the guidance of the People’s Bank of China and the foreign exchange bureau, the single transaction limit and annual transaction limit of WeChat foreign card payment have also been increased, and at the same time, a quota strategy of dynamic management has been formulated, which takes into account the dynamic balance between service improvement and risk prevention and control on the basis of meeting the large consumption demand of users.

　　Southern Network and Guangdong Learning Reporter Li Jiechan

(This article first appeared in the film’s rising capital, welcome WeChat to search for filmmore.)

　 1905 movie network exclusive This year’s summer file can be described as a bad start. From July 1 to July 31, the total box office revenue in China was only 4,503.5 million, a negative growth of 18.2% compared with 5,506.1 million in July last year. This is the third negative growth in a single month after April and May this year, and it is also the first negative growth in the summer file in five years.

　

　 This also means that the goal of 60 billion yuan for the whole year given by some so-called "insiders" is basically hopeless. Of course, if you look closely, it is not difficult to find that the overall performance of the film market is not entirely due to the film itself. The growth of the audience and the gradual improvement of the market mechanism have squeezed out the industry bubble to a certain extent, which is actually guiding the market in a healthier direction.

　

　 In the face of cold figures, it may be time for us to wake up blindly and optimistically. For correctly understanding the market development, evaluating and forecasting the industry environment, it is obviously not a bad thing to return to rationality … …

　

There was no phenomenal film in July, and no "carriage" appeared.

　

　 Unlike last summer’s "Troika", which triggered phenomenal viewing, the domestic movies released in July were obviously not hot enough:

Comparison of TOP 10 Mainland Box Offices in July 2015 and 2016

　

　 Although the big fish begonia, which has been waiting for 12 years, is grand and well-made, it has been controversial because of the plot and other issues. It has not recreated the glory of last year’s "Great Sage", and the box office of the film is also high and low. It is expected that 1 billion will only be 559 million.

　

　 "Chill 2" captured 670 million box office, although compared with the 254 million in the first film, it was no small gain. The pattern of the film is also more open and complex, but the film still loses a little in word of mouth;

　

　 The Jedi Escape, which ranked first in the box office list in July, was actually released the latest in TOP 3, which fully proved Jackie Chan’s good ability to absorb gold, but the box office of 733 million yuan was not as good as the third-ranked "Great Sage" last year.

In July this year, the glory of last year’s "Troika" was not reproduced.

　

　 During this so-called domestic film "Protection Month", three Hollywood films were "admitted" for the first time, one was Paramount’s Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles 2: Breaking Through the Shadows, the other was Warner’s Return of Mount Tai: Dangerous War in the Jungle, and the other was The Secret Life of Pets released today.

　

　 The first two films captured 393 million yuan and 277 million yuan respectively. In this year’s import sub-account blockbuster, such achievements can only be regarded as mediocre. It should be said that the entry of these two imported films consuming old IP did not threaten the domestic film market, and the quality and reputation of the films were relatively average, which did not play much role in promoting the overall box office.

Will these three films be a shot in the arm for the August movie market?

　

　 In the following August, I’m afraid that only "The Secret Life of Pets" will sell well, with a first-day box office of 38.33 million US dollars, which broke the first-day box office record of the original film created by Pixar Inside Out last year. However, it has been nearly a month since the film premiered in North America, and it is still hard to say whether it can resist the impact of online piracy on the box office.

　

The ticket replenishment has been greatly weakened, and the market is gradually recovering.

　

　 According to the data of Yi En Consulting, the average ticket price of China movies in the first quarter of 2015 was RMB 17 yuan, but this year this figure has risen to 22.25 yuan.

　

　 "Young people in small towns are very sensitive to prices. If there is no ticket supplement, some people in this group will not go to the cinema or form an inertia to watch movies," said Qiu Jie, CEO of Lion Mouse Film.

　

　 Some insiders believe that among the 44 billion box office of China movies last year, the income from ticket compensation may be between 3 billion and 5 billion. On July 22nd this year, Wang Changtian, president of Light Media, pointed out in an interview that this year’s ticket subsidy may be reduced to 1.5 billion or even less.

　

　 Different from last year, with the merger of Guevara and micro-tickets, and the cat’s eye holding hands with public comments, the "ticket-making war" conducted by various online ticketing platforms for staking has basically come to an end. The investment in ticket compensation by various platforms is gradually shrinking.

Two stages of ticket replacement, the picture comes from: entertainment capital theory

　

　 Qiu Jie believes that this year, as the whole film market tends to be stable, online ticketing platforms have no desire to make up tickets, and only some producers and distributors continue to provide subsidies. It’s not hard to explain this wish of the film. After all, with the beautiful box office results, it’s easy to improve the company’s valuation and bargaining power for new projects, and the investment in ticket compensation has indeed brought the audience.

　

　 However, with the weakening of ticket replenishment, the audience accustomed to 9.9 yuan and 19.9 yuan may not be able to adapt to the normal movie tickets at once. The negative growth at present is probably only due to the inevitable phenomenon in the process of the real movie consumption level of Chinese audience gradually recovering its true content, which is actually benign in the long run.

　

　 On the other hand, it is not as easy as before to "succeed" by locking tickets, ghost field and other bad behaviors. For example, the box office data and film arrangement of "never gone" once caused great controversy, and the 400 million guaranteed release promise behind it also plunged the lithography era into the whirlpool of public opinion.

The "2022 (Spring) National Consumption Promotion Month Beijing Consumption Season" jointly organized by the Ministry of Commerce, the Central Radio and Television General Station and the Beijing Municipal People’s Government was launched in Beijing on the evening of March 1. Member the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Secretary of Beijing Municipal Committee Cai Qi, Minister of Commerce Wang Wentao, Vice Minister Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, Director and Editor-in-Chief of Central Radio and Television Station Shen Haixiong, Deputy Secretary of Beijing Municipal Committee and Mayor Chen Jining attended the event.

At the event site, four experience sections were designed, namely, "Sharing Ice and Snow, Linking the Future", "Science and Technology Consumption, Digital Leading", "Cultural Consumption, romantic city" and "Food Capital, World Integration". By creating unique online and offline consumption scenes, the journey of multi-scene layout, multi-format integration and immersive consumption experience was started.

The theme of "2022 (Spring) National Consumption Promotion Month" is "Enjoy the Good Life of Consumption", aiming to further stimulate the market vitality, release the consumption potential and promote the sustained recovery and upgrading of consumption. All localities will combine the characteristics of local consumption and festivals, highlighting the prosperity of business through festivals, and provide strong support for unblocking the domestic cycle, promoting the domestic and international dual cycle, and better meeting the needs of people’s better life.

The "2022 Beijing Consumption Season" will last until the end of this year. With the theme of "Enjoy Beijing and Enjoy Life", we will strengthen the integration and interaction of business travel styles, online and offline joint resonance, and build eight activity sections: the first show of Beijing, fashionable Beijing, trendy Beijing, smart Beijing, literary Beijing, colorful Beijing, interesting Beijing and quality Beijing, so as to continuously promote the upgrading of consumption and better meet the diversity, quality and quality of the masses.

As the organizer of the event, CCTV has been holding consumption promotion activities with the Ministry of Commerce and provincial, regional and municipal governments for many years. This year, the reception desk will continue to give full play to the advantages of multi-platform integrated communication, integrate and spread the national consumption promotion month and Beijing consumption season, guide the audience’s consumption expectations, further create a good atmosphere of enjoying consumption, and serve to build a new development pattern.

Relevant leaders of the Ministry of Commerce, the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, and heads of relevant departments of the Central Radio and Television General Station attended the event.

(Photo: Zhu Yan Fu Bo)

　　The staff introduced the employment situation of the network platform for the over-age migrant workers. Photo by Cheng Zhihui

　　Reading tips

　　In Tianjin Binhai New Area, where there are many construction workers, the water cat craftsman platform has identified the employment pain points of over-age migrant workers. At present, thousands of recruitment enterprises have settled in the platform, and more than 6,000 over-age migrant workers have found jobs every year, achieving employment income of several hundred million yuan for them every year.

　　On the morning of May 5th, it was just dawn, and 60-year-old Qin Xueling, together with six workers, took the special car provided by Shuimao Craftsman (Tianjin) Technology Co., Ltd. to the Wanda project site of North China Branch of China Construction Eighth Bureau and started a day’s cleaning work. This is one of the jobs that Master Qin has been engaged in since he transformed from a builder.

　　"In order to expand the employment channels for over-age migrant workers, we have developed and established an Internet platform for water cat craftsmen to find jobs (hereinafter referred to as the water cat craftsman platform), and adopted ‘ Online+offline ’ A combination of ways to help over-age migrant workers achieve transformational employment. " Yang Zhiyong, founder of Water Cat Craftsman Platform, said.

　　Screen to screen, online "good work"

　　At present, Shanghai, Tianjin and other places across the country have issued regulations to regulate the employment of over-age migrant workers in the construction industry. "It is forbidden for men over 60 years old and women over 50 years old to enter the construction site to engage in construction operations", and the introduction of the policy has caused many over-age migrant workers to lose employment opportunities.

　　In Tianjin Binhai New Area, where there are many construction workers, the Water Cat Craftsman Platform was established to identify the employment pain points of over-age migrant workers, and it can provide a large number of job information and employment opportunities for over-age migrant workers.

　　Qin Xueling was originally a plumber in Tianjin Senyi Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. After leaving the construction site two years ago because of his age, he began to register for orders on the water cat craftsman platform.

　　"There are a lot of jobs published on the platform. Once I took a job to repair the faucet, which was finished in an hour, and I was paid by 100 yuan. Another time, the customer’s electricity meter always tripped. I quickly found the reason after I went to the door. I installed a socket in his kitchen, and 100 yuan got it again. " Speaking of orders received online, Master Qin is like a few treasures.

　　What makes him most happy is that every time he finishes his work, he pays in cash, unlike a month at the construction site, or even the end of the year. "When the children need money urgently, I can take it out at any time." He said that the income of seven or eight thousand yuan per month gives him confidence.

　　Master Hou, 61, is also a beneficiary of the platform. Different from working as a coolie on a construction site, he often receives some cleaning and greening work on the platform. "These jobs are not as dangerous as those on construction sites. I am quite satisfied with the income of several thousand yuan per month." He told reporters.

　　Behind these "good jobs" in the mouth of over-age migrant workers is the hard work of the staff of the Water Cat Craftsman Platform. Without waiting for the initiative, they visited the major employment enterprises in Tianjin, collected the employment demand in time, docked the employment information with enterprises every day, and released it on the platform for free at the first time.

　　It is understood that thousands of recruitment enterprises have settled in the platform. Since its establishment three years ago, it has found jobs for more than 6,000 over-age migrant workers every year, and achieved employment income of several hundred million yuan for them every year.

　　Face to face, big market to achieve flexible employment

　　"A few days ago, I found a job in a big market to tile an owner. One day in 400 yuan, I worked for 6 days and earned 2,400 yuan." Zhang Qingfa said.

　　The big market mentioned by Zhang Qingfa refers to Tianjin Bincheng Flexible Employment Service Center, whose predecessor was the labor market for migrant workers.

　　According to Master Zhang, he came out as a builder at the age of 18 and worked for half his life. He can plaster, build walls and set bricks. After coming down from the construction site, he took the job in the big market, and his time was relatively free, and he could take two days off every month according to his own situation.

　　"If you work hard, you will earn about 10,000 yuan a month, which is similar to the income on construction sites before. I intend to work for two more years while I still have the strength, and save more money to go back to my hometown in Hubei to support the elderly. " Zhang Qingfa said.

　　Master Lian, from Handan, Hebei Province, often went to the big market to find work after leaving Tianjin Senyiyuan Construction and Installation Engineering Co., Ltd. "The staff are particularly enthusiastic and help us to contact the work. I am currently doing odd jobs in the wanda plaza project and I can earn more than 200 yuan a day. " He told reporters.

　　"We take ‘ Please come in ’ In the new model, more employment enterprises are invited to the service center labor market, and more over-age migrant workers can find suitable jobs here through offline point-to-point and face-to-face direct recruitment. " Xue Guili, head of Bincheng Flexible Employment Service Center, said.

　　It is understood that the center has also established long-term cooperative relations with nearly 60 property companies. Every year, Tianjin Jinyu Property Management Co., Ltd. alone recommends more than 150 over-age migrant workers to engage in security and cleaning work to help them achieve employment.

　　Free service, sincere help

　　While sparing no effort to provide jobs for over-age migrant workers, Water Cat Craftsman (Tianjin) Technology Co., Ltd. also improves their quality and skills and broadens employment channels through free study, free training and free provision of business premises.

　　"Most of the over-age migrant workers have a relatively low level of education and education. We have set up online free learning courses on the platform of water cat craftsmen, such as electrician courses and welder courses. Through small videos, they can master basic operations and conduct safety knowledge training." Xue Guili said.

　　The company also provided 400 square meters of business space for Qin Junyun, an over-age migrant worker, to support him to change jobs and start businesses to promote employment.

　　"In addition to the free business premises, utilities are also exempted. Now my monthly turnover reaches 70,000 to 80,000 yuan, which has driven many migrant workers to find jobs, and I also earn about 10,000 yuan a month." Qin Junyun of Tianjin Shihuang Catering Co., Ltd. said.

　　For migrant workers who work hard all the year round, they are not afraid of being tired and tired. What they are most afraid of is that they can’t get paid after finishing their work, and they are even more afraid of being injured at work.

　　In order to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, the Water Cat Craftsman Platform has set up free legal consultation services, and also opened a consultation window in the service center. Every week, lawyers are regularly invited to answer questions for migrant workers, help them defend their rights and let them work with peace of mind.

　　Bincheng Flexible Employment Service Center is the second home for over-aged migrant workers. Since the opening of the service center, they no longer have to work under the bridge and on the side of the road as before, and they no longer worry that there is nowhere to hide in the wind and rain.

　　"The service center is wonderful, with hot water to drink", "There are tables, chairs and benches to rest" and "Give us free kits, rice flour oil and drinks" … … At the interview site, the over-age migrant workers told reporters word by word.

　　Not long ago, Song Duanjiang, an over-aged migrant worker from Heilongjiang, had a sudden cerebral hemorrhage while waiting for work and was taken to the hospital by his fellow villagers. When the service center learned about it, it sent him 2000 yuan solatium. Seeing the staff of the service center, Lao Song, who was lying in his hospital bed, held their hands for a long time, just like seeing his relatives.

　　"When Lao Song is fully recovered, we will help him to contact the security guard, so that he can have a stable income and work in Tianjin with peace of mind." Xue Guili said.